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Key People
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Max Planck
German physicist
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James Clerk Maxwell
Scottish mathematician and physicist
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Gilbert N. Lewis
American chemist
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J. Willard Gibbs
American scientist
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Ilya Prigogine
Russian-Belgian physical chemist
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Rudolf Clausius
German mathematician and physicist
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Lars Onsager
American chemist
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William John Macquorn Rankine
Scottish engineer
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Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted
Danish chemist
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Pierre Duhem
French physicist and philosopher
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Joseph Bertrand
French mathematician and educator
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Walter Schottky
German physicist
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Ernst Julius Cohen
Dutch chemist
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H.L. Callendar
British scientist
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James Pollard Espy
American meteorologist