Cootamundra, town, south-central New South Wales, Australia. It is located in the Western Slopes region of the fertile Riverina.

Cootamundra was founded in 1830 as a livestock station. Its name (Cootamundry until 1952) is Aboriginal for “swamp with turtles.” The town, proclaimed in 1861, was made a municipality in 1884 and a shire in 1975. On the principal Sydney-Melbourne rail line, Cootamundra is also the rail and road junction for routes serving the state’s central region, which produces sheep, wheat, and some gold. The town is a major livestock auction centre and conducts one of the largest sheep shows in the state. It is linked to Sydney (190 miles [300 km] northeast) by air and has flour and rice mills, butter factories, and slaughterhouses. Furniture, plaster, concrete, cordials, and small goods are manufactured. Pop. (2006) local government area, 7,315; (2011) local government area, 7,334.