Jackson

Jackson, town, seat (1921) of Teton county, northwestern Wyoming, U.S. The town lies at the southern end of Jackson Hole, a fertile valley from which the Teton Range rises steeply to the west. The Snake River skirts the town about 4 miles (6 km) to the west. Jackson is a major destination for tourists and outdoor-recreation enthusiasts.

The region was first explored in 1807 by the fur trapper John Colter, a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition who had stayed behind as the group returned eastward. Jackson takes its name from another trapper, David Jackson, who worked in the area in the 1820s and who organized summer rendezvous of the mountain men who trapped throughout the Rocky Mountains region. The area surrounding Jackson was later the site of several large ranches, for which the town served as a supply centre. Many of those ranches have given way to large vacation-home developments, and Jackson’s economy is now based on tourism and other services. The town is the southern gateway to Grand Teton National Park, whose entrance is about 12 miles (19 km) to the north. Bridger-Teton National Forest adjoins Jackson on the east and southeast, and the National Elk Refuge (which includes the Jackson National Fish Hatchery) extends northeastward from the town. The Jackson Hole area is renowned for its ski resorts. Inc. 1897. Pop. (2000) 8,647; (2010) 9,577.