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microtubule
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microtubule

biology
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Related Topics:
cytoskeleton
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The video thumbnail image shows an illustration of an animal cell next to a photo of a whale swimming in the oean.
The major parts of an animal cell explainedFrom teeny-tiny ants to 200-ton whales, all members of the animal kingdom are composed of cells.
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microtubule, tubular structure of indefinite length, constructed from globular proteins called tubulins, which are found only in eukaryotic cells. Microtubules have several functions. For example, they provide the rigid, organized components of the cytoskeleton that give shape to many cells, and they are major components of cilia and flagella (cellular locomotory projections). They participate in the formation of the spindle during cell division (mitosis). They also assist the movement of organelles (e.g., mitochondria), as well as the movement of vesicles from the cell bodies of neurons to the axonal tips and back to the cell bodies.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Meg Matthias.