Anthony Perkins: …the Orient Express (1974), and Edge of Sanity (1989). Perkins also appeared in such plays as Look Homeward, Angel; Harold; Steambath; and Romantic Comedy, as well as the television movie In the Deep Woods (1992), which was broadcast after his death.

Fleetwood Mac: …featured singles such as “Edge of Seventeen” and the Tom Petty duet “Stop Draggin’ My Heart Around,” and Buckingham broke the Billboard Top Ten with his single “Trouble.” The band produced the noteworthy Mirage (1982) and Tango in the Night (1987) before the departure of Buckingham. Further lineup changes…

Janet Frame: The Edge of the Alphabet (1962) centres on the struggles of several dislocated people and their largely futile efforts to connect with society. In Scented Gardens for the Blind (1963), a girl becomes mute after her parents’ marriage dissolves. The Adaptable Man (1965) is a…

Martin Ritt: First films: …in 1957, when he directed Edge of the City, a gritty adaptation of Robert Alan Arthur’s Playhouse 90 television drama A Man Is Ten Feet Tall (1955). The film featured strong performances by John Cassavetes as a white soldier who has gone AWOL, Sidney Poitier as the black stevedore who…

Agustín Yáñez: The Edge of the Storm), his masterpiece, presents life in a typical Mexican village just before the Mexican Revolution. Its use of stream of consciousness, interior monologue, and complex structure anticipates many traits of the Latin American new novel of the 1950s and 1960s. La…

Emily Blunt: Breakthrough films: The Devil Wears Prada, Young Victoria, and Sicario: …another, more action-driven time-travel film, Edge of Tomorrow (2014). Her singing was on display in Into the Woods (2014), the Disney adaptation of the Stephen Sondheim musical. She then won plaudits for her turn as an FBI agent in the gritty crime drama Sicario (2015).

sound: Variations in air pressure: …to flutes and recorders, an edge tone is a stream of air that strikes a sharp edge, where it creates pressure changes in the air column that propagate down the tube. Reflections of these pressure variations then force the air stream back and forth across the edge, reinforcing the vibration…

the Moody Blues: January 4, 2018, Surrey), Graeme Edge (b. March 30, 1941, Rochester, Kent, England—d. November 11, 2021, Bradenton, Florida, U.S.), Denny Laine (original name Brian Hines; b. October 29, 1944, near Jersey, Channel Islands—d. December 5, 2023, Naples, Florida, U.S.), and Clint Warwick (original name Clinton Eccles; b. June 25,…

Alec Baldwin: Stardom: Beetlejuice, The Hunt for Red October, and The Aviator: …drama Ghosts of Mississippi (1996); The Edge (1997), an adventure thriller written by Mamet; and Mercury Rising (1998), in which he starred opposite Bruce Willis. In 2004 Baldwin received an Academy Award nomination for his performance as a casino owner in the dark comedy The Cooler (2003). Later that year…

Bono: …friends David Evans (later “the Edge”), Larry Mullen, Jr., and Adam Clayton formed a band that would become U2. They shared a commitment not only to ambitious rock music but also to a deeply spiritual Christianity. Indeed, one of the few genuine threats to U2’s extraordinary longevity (a collaboration—with…

Nucky Johnson: …politics and succeeded in getting Walter Edge elected governor in 1916. Two years later, Edge named Johnson clerk of the state’s Supreme Court. (Both of Johnson’s positions were by appointment, and, aside from his time as sheriff, he never ran for office.)

Wars of the Roses: The ascendancy of Warwick: …was defeated in July at Edgecote (near Banbury), and the king himself became the earl’s prisoner, while the queen’s father and brother, together with a number of their friends, were executed at his command.

Sitka: Mount Edgecumbe (3,201 feet [976 meters]), a dormant volcano on Kruzof Island, is a conspicuous landmark in Sitka’s island-studded, mountain-locked harbor. Inc. 1913. Pop. (2000) 8,835; (2010) 8,881.

sea star: Edged sea stars, order Phanerozonia, have distinct marginal plates and therefore tend to be rigid. Members of the order have suction-tube feet; the anus may be lacking. Most of the deep-sea sea stars belong to this order, and many are burrowers. Albatrossaster richardi has been…

Edgefield, county, western South Carolina, U.S. It consists of a hilly piedmont region bounded to the southwest by the Savannah River border with Georgia. Much of the county is within the southern portion of Sumter National Forest. Algonquian-speaking Indians inhabited the region in the 1670s.

Battle of Edgehill, (Oct. 23, 1642), first battle of the English Civil Wars, in which forces loyal to the English Parliament, commanded by Robert Devereux, 3rd earl of Essex, fatally delayed Charles I’s march on London. The Battle of Edgehill took place in open country between Banbury and Warwick.

Belize: The arts of Belize: Belize’s best-known contemporary author is Zee Edgell. Her most widely read novel, Beka Lamb (1982), describes the emerging sense of nationalism in the 1950s in Belize City through the eyes of a young Creole girl. Another of Edgell’s novels, Time and the River (2007), looks at the slave society of…

Edgerton Bible case, decision by the Supreme Court of the state of Wisconsin that outlawed devotional Bible reading in Wisconsin public schools in 1890. The decision, which was the first of its kind in the United States, came in response to complaints by Roman Catholic parents who objected to the

Rocky Flats: …plant by the defense contractor Edgerton, Germeshausen, and Grier (EG&G), Inc., and a federal grand jury was impaneled to investigate apparent violations of the Clean Water Act and federal toxic-waste laws. The grand jury’s report, completed in 1992, found that Rockwell, EG&G, and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) were…

Harold Edgerton was an American electrical engineer and photographer who was noted for creating high-speed photography techniques that he applied to scientific uses. Edgerton earned a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the University of Nebraska in 1925 and received master’s (1927)

Harold Edgerton was an American electrical engineer and photographer who was noted for creating high-speed photography techniques that he applied to scientific uses. Edgerton earned a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the University of Nebraska in 1925 and received master’s (1927)

Francis Ysidro Edgeworth was an Irish economist and statistician who innovatively applied mathematics to the fields of economics and statistics. Edgeworth was educated at Trinity College in Dublin and Balliol College, Oxford, graduating in 1869. In 1877 he qualified as a barrister. He lectured at

comet: The modern era: …Irish army officer and astronomer, Kenneth Edgeworth. Therefore, some scientists refer to the comet belt as the Kuiper belt, while others call it the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt.

Maria Edgeworth was an Anglo-Irish writer, known for her children’s stories and for her novels of Irish life. She lived in England until 1782, when the family went to Edgeworthstown, County Longford, in midwestern Ireland, where Maria, then 15 and the eldest daughter, assisted her father in

Richard Lovell Edgeworth was an Anglo-Irish inventor and educationalist who had a dominant influence on the novels of his daughter Maria Edgeworth. An estate owner in Ireland, Edgeworth did much to improve the conditions of his tenantry by land reclamation and road-improvement schemes. In 1798,

Francis Ysidro Edgeworth was an Irish economist and statistician who innovatively applied mathematics to the fields of economics and statistics. Edgeworth was educated at Trinity College in Dublin and Balliol College, Oxford, graduating in 1869. In 1877 he qualified as a barrister. He lectured at

Kuiper belt, flat ring of icy small bodies that revolve around the Sun beyond the orbit of the planet Neptune. It was named for the Dutch American astronomer Gerard P. Kuiper and comprises hundreds of millions of objects—presumed to be leftovers from the formation of the outer planets—whose orbits

Germany: Charlemagne of Germany: Their independent edhelingi (nobles) lived on estates among forest clearings, dominating the frilingi (freemen), lazzi (half-free), and unfree members of Saxon society and leading raids into the rich Frankish kingdom. Thus each of Charlemagne’s punitive expeditions, which began in 772 and lasted until 804, bit deeper into…

Edessa, city and dímos (municipality), Central Macedonia (Modern Greek: Kendrikí Makedonía) periféreia (region), northern Greece. It is situated on a steep bluff above the valley of the Loudhiás Potamós (river). A swift, fragmented stream flowing through the city was known in ancient times as the

Ediacara fauna, unique assemblage of soft-bodied organisms preserved worldwide as fossil impressions in sandstone from the Ediacaran Period (approximately 635 million to 541 million years ago)—the final interval of both the Proterozoic Eon (2.5 billion to 541 million years ago) and Precambrian time

Ediacara fauna, unique assemblage of soft-bodied organisms preserved worldwide as fossil impressions in sandstone from the Ediacaran Period (approximately 635 million to 541 million years ago)—the final interval of both the Proterozoic Eon (2.5 billion to 541 million years ago) and Precambrian time

Ediacara fauna: Discoveries and analysis: …occurrence is in South Australia’s Ediacara Hills, where more than 1,500 well-preserved specimens have been collected. The Ediacara Hills are part of the Flinders Range and are located 650 km (about 400 miles) north of Adelaide. More than 60 species representing about 30 genera have been defined from the fossils…

Ediacaran Period, uppermost division of the Proterozoic Eon of Precambrian time and latest of the three periods of the Neoproterozoic Era, extending from approximately 635 million to 541 million years ago. The Ediacaran followed the Cryogenian Period (approximately 720 million to approximately 635

Halide Edib Adıvar was a novelist and pioneer in the emancipation of women in Turkey. Educated by private tutors and at the American College for Girls in Istanbul, she became actively engaged in Turkish literary, political, and social movements. She divorced her first husband in 1910 because she

copra: Whole copra, also called ball or edible copra, is produced by the less common drying of the intact, whole nut kernel.

crab: Economic importance: …important and valuable are the edible crab of the British and European coasts (Cancer pagurus) and, in North America, the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) of the Atlantic coast and the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) of the Pacific coast. In the Indo-Pacific region the swimming crabs, Scylla and Portunus, related to…

dormouse: …ounces), is the fat, or edible, dormouse (Glis glis) of Europe and the Middle East, with a body up to 19 cm (7.5 inches) long and a shorter tail up to 15 cm. One of the smallest is the Japanese dormouse of southern Japan (Glirulus japonicus), weighing up to 40…

oil, any greasy substance that is liquid at room temperature and insoluble in water. There are many types, such as essential oil; orris oil; mineral oil (see petroleum); whale oil; pine oil; linseed oil; perilla oil; fish oil; tall oil; citronella oil. There is also cooking oil, such as olive,

Alice Waters: …became best known was the Edible Schoolyard, originally established in 1995. Waters began the program by planting a garden in the yard of Berkeley’s Martin Luther King Jr. Middle School. A cooking classroom was installed a few years later, and by 2009 the Edible Schoolyard was a thriving educational tool,…

gastropod: Importance to humans: …of the European edible snails Helix aspersa and H. pomatia (the most common species used to prepare escargot) are raised on snail farms or collected wild. Several species of Otala and Eobania from Morocco and Algeria are exported for food.

Margaret Atwood: …by Atwood include the surreal The Edible Woman (1969); Surfacing (1972; film 1981), an exploration of the relationship between nature and culture that centres on a woman’s return to her childhood home in the northern wilderness of Quebec; Lady Oracle (1976); Cat’s Eye (1988); The Robber Bride (1993; television

apodiform: Importance to humans: …nest of one species, the edible-nest swiftlet (C. fuciphaga), is composed almost entirely of concentric layers of this salivary cement. These nests and, to a lesser extent, those of some other swiftlets are gathered commercially in the East Indies and form the base for the famous bird’s-nest soup of the…

Theodoric: Ruler of Italy: …6th century Theodoric published his Edict, a collection of 154 rules and regulations. With one or two exceptions, these were not new laws but brief restatements in simple language of Roman laws that were already in existence. The Edict was a handbook issued for the convenience of judges, and it…

Germanic law: …Merovingian kings called their legislation edicta or praecepta, but the succeeding Carolingians characterized them as capitularia—i.e., royal ordinances divided into articles (capitula). These included modifications of the leges of the Franks or other nations in the Frankish kingdom, administrative orders to officials, and independent legislation. Like the Roman emperors before…

constitutiones principum: …of imperial legislation were (1) edicta, or proclamations, which the emperor, like other magistrates, might issue, (2) mandata, or instructions to subordinates, especially provincial governors, (3) rescripta, written answers to officials or others who consulted the emperor, in particular on a point of law, and (4) decreta, or decisions of…

constitutiones principum: …of imperial legislation were (1) edicta, or proclamations, which the emperor, like other magistrates, might issue, (2) mandata, or instructions to subordinates, especially provincial governors, (3) rescripta, written answers to officials or others who consulted the emperor, in particular on a point of law, and (4) decreta, or decisions of…

ancient Rome: Hadrian and the other Antonine emperors: …his expert jurists codify the edictum perpetuum (the set of rules gradually elaborated by the praetors for the interpretation of the law). He also appointed four former consuls to serve as circuit judges in Italy. This brought Italy close to becoming a province; Hadrian’s intent, however, was not to reduce…

Germanic law: …had similar functions, while the Edictum Rothari (643) applied to Lombards only.

Battle of the Vorskla River: …Temür Kutlugh as khan and Edigü as emir. In order to restore his authority, Tokhtamysh requested aid from Vytautas, who was eager to extend his domain, which reached the Dnieper River in the east, into the lands of the Golden Horde. Vytautas gathered an army of his Russian-Lithuanian forces, Tokhtamysh’s…

Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Edinboro, Pennsylvania, U.S. It is one of 14 universities in Pennsylvania’s State System of Higher Education. The university includes the schools of Liberal Arts, Education, and Science, Management, and

Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Edinboro, Pennsylvania, U.S. It is one of 14 universities in Pennsylvania’s State System of Higher Education. The university includes the schools of Liberal Arts, Education, and Science, Management, and

Edinburg, city, seat (1908) of Hidalgo county, extreme southern Texas, U.S. It lies in the lower Rio Grande valley 55 miles (89 km) west-northwest of Brownsville. With McAllen and other nearby communities, it forms a metropolitan complex. Old Edinburgh, which no longer exists, was founded by John

Tristan da Cunha: …on the north coast at Edinburgh of the Seven Seas (frequently shortened to Edinburgh), the only permanent settlement. Plant and animal life includes elephant seals and other species not found elsewhere in the world.

Edinburgh, capital city of Scotland, located in southeastern Scotland with its centre near the southern shore of the Firth of Forth, an arm of the North Sea that thrusts westward into the Scottish Lowlands. The city and its immediate surroundings constitute an independent council area. The city and

Edinburgh Castle, stronghold that was once the residence of Scottish monarchs and now serves mostly as a museum. It stands 443 feet (135 metres) above sea level and overlooks the city of Edinburgh from a volcanic crag called Castle Rock. Castle Rock has been the site of human activity for at least

Scottish Enlightenment, the conjunction of minds, ideas, and publications in Scotland during the whole of the second half of the 18th century and extending over several decades on either side of that period. Contemporaries referred to Edinburgh as a “hotbed of genius.” Voltaire in 1762 wrote in

the Fringe, Edinburgh arts festival that presents a variety of plays, performances, and exhibitions for three weeks every August. It is one of several annual festivals held in Edinburgh. The Fringe began in 1947, concurrently with the Edinburgh International Festival, an invitation-only festival.

Ian Rankin on Edinburgh: A City of Stories: Meantime, the annual Edinburgh International Book Festival is the largest in Europe, bringing authors of worldwide repute such as Harold Pinter, Gore Vidal, and Seamus Heaney to the city to meet, converse, and share tales and anecdotes—very like the get-togethers of old where Scott or Burns might be…

Edinburgh International Festival, international festival of the arts, with an emphasis on music and drama. It was founded in 1947 by Rudolf Bing and is held for three weeks each summer in Edinburgh. Its theatrical offerings include plays by major international theatrical companies; plays premiered

Edinburgh: Cultural life: …Scottish bagpipes, part of the Edinburgh Military Tattoo (held annually since 1950), before the castle gate and with a spectacular fireworks display, with the castle as its backdrop. The tattoo, the most popular single event at the festival, attracts foreign contingents from around the world as well as regiments with…

John Gibson Lockhart: …Tory-oriented Edinburgh Monthly Magazine (later Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine) from the time of its founding in 1817. With others, he wrote the “Translation from an Ancient Chaldee Manuscript,” which lampooned Scottish celebrities in a parody of Old Testament style; this article made Blackwood’s an immediate succès de scandale. Another article, “On…

Tristan da Cunha: …on the north coast at Edinburgh of the Seven Seas (frequently shortened to Edinburgh), the only permanent settlement. Plant and animal life includes elephant seals and other species not found elsewhere in the world.

Scottish Enlightenment: Origins and activity in Edinburgh: …were the activities of the Edinburgh Philosophical Society for Improving Arts and Sciences and Particularly Natural Knowledge; its range of topics, officials, and contributors are well illustrated in the three volumes of Essays and Observations, Physical and Literary, published intermittently from 1754. Henry Home, later Lord Kames, who helped reinvigorate…

Dolly: …Wilmut and colleagues of the Roslin Institute, near Edinburgh, Scotland. The announcement in February 1997 of Dolly’s birth marked a milestone in science, dispelling decades of presumption that adult mammals could not be cloned and igniting a debate concerning the many possible uses and misuses of mammalian cloning technology.

The Edinburgh Review, or The Critical Journal, Scottish magazine that was published from 1802 to 1929, and which contributed to the development of the modern periodical and to modern standards of literary criticism. The Edinburgh Review was founded by Francis Jeffrey, Sydney Smith, and Henry

Scottish National Zoological Park and Carnegie Aquarium, collection of terrestrial and aquatic animals founded in 1913 by the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland in Edinburgh. More than 1,190 specimens of over 150 species are exhibited on the 75-acre (30-hectare) grounds. Included in the

Prince Edward, duke of Edinburgh is the youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, duke of Edinburgh. Edward has three older siblings: Charles, Anne, and Andrew. He attended Gordonstoun School, a spartan boarding school in Scotland, and studied history at Jesus College, Cambridge.

Philip, duke of Edinburgh was the husband of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. Philip’s father was Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark (1882–1944), a younger son of King George I of the Hellenes (originally Prince William of Denmark). His mother was Princess Alice (1885–1969), who was the

Sophie, duchess of Edinburgh is the British consort (1999– ) of Prince Edward, the youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, duke of Edinburgh. Rhys-Jones’s father ran an import-export business that sold automobile tires to Hungary, and her mother was a part-time secretary. After

William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley: Life: …in Scotland and conclude the Treaty of Edinburgh (1560), which removed French forces from Scotland. His gift for compromise facilitated the church settlement in 1559; his financial sense, the recoinage in 1561. Elizabeth’s flirtation with John Dudley’s son Robert, however, weakened Cecil’s position. Despite threats of resignation and opposition to…

University of Edinburgh, coeducational, privately controlled institution of higher education at Edinburgh, one of the most noted of Scotland’s universities. It was founded in 1583 as “the Town’s College” under Presbyterian auspices by the Edinburgh town council under a charter granted in 1582 by

Midlothian, council area and historic county in southeastern Scotland, south of the Firth of Forth. The historic county and council area cover somewhat different territories. The council area encompasses a suburban and rural area south and southeast of Edinburgh. The northern part of the council

human eye: Nerve action: …in the midbrain called the Edinger-Westphal nucleus; the fibres have a relay point in the ciliary ganglion in the eye socket, and the postganglionic fibres enter the eye as the short ciliary nerves. The stimulus for accommodation is the nearness of the object, but the manner in which this nearness…

Battle of Edington, (6–12 May 878). The arrival of a Danish "great army" in East Anglia in 865 marked the start of a new phase of Viking attacks on Britain. Previously, the Vikings had come to raid and settle around the coast; this force came to conquer. Only the victory of Alfred the Great at

Halide Edib Adıvar was a novelist and pioneer in the emancipation of women in Turkey. Educated by private tutors and at the American College for Girls in Istanbul, she became actively engaged in Turkish literary, political, and social movements. She divorced her first husband in 1910 because she

Edirne, city, extreme western Turkey. It lies at the junction of the Tunca and Maritsa (Turkish: Meriç) rivers, near the borders of Greece and Bulgaria. The largest and oldest part of the town occupies a meander of the Tunca around the ruins of an ancient citadel. Edirne’s site and turbulent

Peter I: The Turkish War (1710–13): …to renew hostilities, but the Peace of Adrianople (Edirne) was concluded in 1713, leaving Azov to the Turks. From that time on Peter’s military effort was concentrated on winning his war against Sweden.

Ottoman Empire: Mehmed I and Murad II: …sultan to agree to the Peace of Edirne in 1444. By its terms Serbia regained its autonomy, Hungary kept Walachia and Belgrade, and the Ottomans promised to end their raids north of the Danube. In 1444 Murad also made peace with his main Anatolian enemy, Karaman, and retired to a…

Treaty of Edirne, (Sept. 14, 1829), pact concluding the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29, signed at Edirne (ancient Adrianople), Tur.; it strengthened the Russian position in eastern Europe and weakened that of the Ottoman Empire. The treaty foreshadowed the Ottoman Empire’s future dependence on the

Edison, township (town), northern Middlesex county, New Jersey, U.S., just northeast of New Brunswick. It is the site of Menlo Park, where the inventor Thomas A. Edison established his research laboratory in 1876. Part of Woodbridge and Piscataway townships before 1870, it was known as Raritan

battery: Alkaline storage batteries: Nickel (hydroxide)–iron batteries can provide thousands of cycles but do not recharge with high efficiency, generating heat and consuming more electricity than is generally desirable. They have been used extensively in the European mining industry, however.

thermionic emission, discharge of electrons from heated materials, widely used as a source of electrons in conventional electron tubes (e.g., television picture tubes) in the fields of electronics and communications. The phenomenon was first observed (1883) by Thomas A. Edison as a passage of

Thomas Edison: The Edison laboratory: A widower with three young children, Edison, on February 24, 1886, married 20-year-old Mina Miller, the daughter of a prosperous Ohio manufacturer. He purchased a hilltop estate in West Orange, New Jersey, for his new bride and constructed nearby a grand, new laboratory,…

Menlo Park: …is the site of the Edison Memorial Tower and State Park (and museum) on the grounds where Thomas A. Edison maintained his experimental laboratories from 1876 to 1886 and where he perfected many of his inventions. The 131-foot (40-metre) Edison Memorial Tower, on the spot where the first commercially practical…

Motion Picture Patents Company, trust of 10 film producers and distributors who attempted to gain complete control of the motion-picture industry in the United States from 1908 to 1912. The original members were the American companies Edison, Vitagraph, Biograph, Essanay, Selig, Lubin, and Kalem;

Thomas Edison was an American inventor who, singly or jointly, held a world-record 1,093 patents. In addition, he created the world’s first industrial research laboratory. Edison was the quintessential American inventor in the era of Yankee ingenuity. He began his career in 1863, in the adolescence

Thomas Edison was an American inventor who, singly or jointly, held a world-record 1,093 patents. In addition, he created the world’s first industrial research laboratory. Edison was the quintessential American inventor in the era of Yankee ingenuity. He began his career in 1863, in the adolescence

Orangeburg: The Edisto Memorial Gardens have test sections affiliated with the American Rose and Camellia societies. The Orangeburg National Fish Hatchery (established 1912) occupies 59 acres (24 hectares) of ponds. Inc. 1883. Pop. (2000) 12,765; (2010) 13,964.

Edict of Nantes, law promulgated at Nantes in Brittany on April 13, 1598, by Henry IV of France, which granted a large measure of religious liberty to his Protestant subjects, the Huguenots. The edict was accompanied by Henry IV’s own conversion from Huguenot Calvinism to Roman Catholicism and

National Botanic Gardens of South Africa: …South African succulents, and the Edith Stephens Cape Flats Flora Reserve specializes in flowering bulbs of the iris and lily families.

conservation: Surviving but threatened small populations: …long-term study of the Bay checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas editha bayensis) in the grasslands above Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. In 1960 scientists began following the fate of several local populations of the butterfly at a time when grasslands around San Francisco Bay were being lost to housing developments. The…

Edwin S. Porter: …whose innovative use of dramatic editing (piecing together scenes shot at different times and places) in such films as The Life of An American Fireman (1903) and The Great Train Robbery (1903) revolutionized filmmaking.

textual criticism: From antiquity to the Renaissance: …the first printed editions (editiones principes) of classical texts began to appear, most Greek and Latin authors were circulating in a textually debased condition, and it was manuscripts of this character that almost always served as copy for the early printers. Very little editing in any real sense of…

Harry Crosby: …in the 1920s, established the Black Sun Press.

textual criticism: Editorial technique: Critical texts are edited according to conventions that vary with the type of text (classical, medieval, modern) but follow certain general principles. In some cases, as with newly edited papyri and with palimpsests (writing materials re-used after erasure), the edition will take the…

political cartoon, a drawing (often including caricature) made for the purpose of conveying editorial commentary on politics, politicians, and current events. Such cartoons play a role in the political discourse of a society that provides for freedom of speech and of the press. They are a primarily

Doonesbury: …win a Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartooning.

Wadjet, cobra goddess of ancient Egypt. Depicted as a cobra twined around a papyrus stem, she was the tutelary goddess of Lower Egypt. Wadjet and Nekhbet, the vulture-goddess of Upper Egypt, were the protective goddesses of the king and were sometimes represented together on the king’s diadem,

Idkū, town, northern Al-Buḥayrah muḥāfaẓah (governorate), Lower Egypt. It lies on a sandy strip behind Abū Qīr Bay, in the northwestern Nile River delta. Immediately south is Lake Idku, a 58-square-mile (150-square-km) lagoon that stretches some 22 miles (35 km) behind and parallel to the coast and

Adilabad, city, northern Telangana state, southern India, lying 160 miles (260 km) north of Hyderabad. The city is situated on a well-forested plateau some 2,000 feet (600 metres) high between the Godavari (south) and Penganga (north) rivers. It is an agricultural trade centre, connected with