Kerr electro-optic effect: The Kerr cell, also referred to as a Kerr electro-optical shutter, is a device employing the Kerr effect to interrupt a beam of light up to 1010 times per second. Linearly polarized light (light vibrating in one plane, as shown in the Figure) is passed through…

Flathead Lake: …facilities are supplied by the Kerr Dam (completed 1958) near Polson at the south end of the lake. The University of Montana Biological Station is on the eastern shore, and the Swan River National Wildlife Refuge is nearby.

Kerr electro-optic effect, in physics, the inducement of double refraction of light in a transparent substance when a strong electric field is applied in a direction transverse to the beam of light. In double refraction, the index of refraction (a measure of the amount the ray is bent on entering

Kerr electro-optic effect, in physics, the inducement of double refraction of light in a transparent substance when a strong electric field is applied in a direction transverse to the beam of light. In double refraction, the index of refraction (a measure of the amount the ray is bent on entering

Kerr electro-optic effect: The Kerr cell, also referred to as a Kerr electro-optical shutter, is a device employing the Kerr effect to interrupt a beam of light up to 1010 times per second. Linearly polarized light (light vibrating in one plane, as shown in the Figure) is passed through…

social change: Economic processes: …thesis by the American scholar Clark Kerr and his colleagues, states that industrialization everywhere, including in the mid-20th-century communist countries, has similar consequences.

Deborah Kerr was a British film and stage actress known for the poise and serenity she exhibited in portraying complex characters. Kerr trained as a dancer in her aunt’s drama school in Bristol, England. She won a scholarship to Sadler’s Wells ballet school and at age 17 made her professional

Jean Kerr was an American writer, remembered for her plays and for her humorous prose on domestic themes. Jean Collins graduated from Marywood College in Scranton in 1943, and in August of that year she married Walter F. Kerr, who was then a professor of drama at Catholic University of America,

Fred Harris: senator Robert S. Kerr. The wealthy Kerr family’s support helped Harris win over two former governors as well as Bud Wilkinson, legendary gridiron football coach for the University of Oklahoma Sooners.

Roy Kerr is a New Zealand mathematician who solved (1963) Einstein’s field equations of general relativity to describe rotating black holes, thus providing a major contribution to the field of astrophysics. Kerr received an M.S. (1954) from New Zealand University (now dissolved) and his Ph.D.

Roy Kerr is a New Zealand mathematician who solved (1963) Einstein’s field equations of general relativity to describe rotating black holes, thus providing a major contribution to the field of astrophysics. Kerr received an M.S. (1954) from New Zealand University (now dissolved) and his Ph.D.

Sam Kerr is an Australian football (soccer) player who was named captain of the Matildas, the women’s national team, in 2019. The star striker later became the all-time leading scorer for the team. Kerr was also a standout in professional clubs in the United States, England, and Australia. Kerr was

Sam Kerr is an Australian football (soccer) player who was named captain of the Matildas, the women’s national team, in 2019. The star striker later became the all-time leading scorer for the team. Kerr was also a standout in professional clubs in the United States, England, and Australia. Kerr was

Gough Whitlam: …to resolve the parliamentary deadlock, Sir John Kerr, Australia’s governor-general (appointed by the British crown on the advice of the Australian government—in this case of Whitlam’s), dismissed him from office on November 11, 1975, and appointed a caretaker administration led by the political opposition. In the general election that followed,…

Sir John Graham Kerr was an English embryologist and pioneer in naval camouflage who greatly advanced knowledge of the evolution of vertebrates and, in 1914, was among the first to advocate camouflage of ships by means of “dazzle”—countershading and strongly contrasting patches. Kerr’s scientific

Steve Kerr is an American basketball player and coach who was a prominent guard in the NBA, winning championships with the Chicago Bulls (1996–98) and San Antonio Spurs (1999 and 2003). As a coach, he led the Golden State Warriors to four titles (2015, 2017–18, and 2022). Kerr was born in Lebanon

Steve Kerr is an American basketball player and coach who was a prominent guard in the NBA, winning championships with the Chicago Bulls (1996–98) and San Antonio Spurs (1999 and 2003). As a coach, he led the Golden State Warriors to four titles (2015, 2017–18, and 2022). Kerr was born in Lebanon

Karen Silkwood: …safety violations and negligence at Kerr-McGee’s Cimarron River nuclear facility. The circumstances of her death brought attention to bear on the dangers and wide-ranging and previously little-known influence of the nuclear power industry. She subsequently became a heroine to antinuclear activists and whistle-blowers alike.

Deborah Kerr was a British film and stage actress known for the poise and serenity she exhibited in portraying complex characters. Kerr trained as a dancer in her aunt’s drama school in Bristol, England. She won a scholarship to Sadler’s Wells ballet school and at age 17 made her professional

Deb Fischer: …primary and then former senator Bob Kerrey in the general election. Fischer took office in 2013, becoming Nebraska’s first female senator since 1954.

Kerrier, former district, Cornwall unitary authority, southwestern England, near the western tip of England and including the southernmost point of the island of Great Britain. The Kerrier district spanned the peninsular Cornwall unitary authority and bordered St. George’s Channel on the north and

Vera Wang: From Vogue to wedding dresses: …and 1994, when figure skater Nancy Kerrigan wore her designs at the Winter Olympics. Wang went on to create costumes for other Olympic skaters, including Michelle Kwan and Nathan Chen. Soon celebrities were wearing her dresses at highly publicized events. In the late 1990s and early 2000s her designs also…

Kerry, county in the province of Munster, southwestern Ireland. Kerry is bounded by Counties Limerick and Cork to the east and by the Atlantic Ocean or its inlets to the south, west, and north. Tralee, in the west, is the county town (seat). Composed of sandstone, the principal highlands of Kerry

rocket and missile system: Air-to-surface: …among these was the radio-command-guided AS-7 Kerry, the antiradar AS-8 and AS-9, and the television-guided AS-10 Karen and AS-14 Kedge (the last with a range of about 25 miles). These missiles were fired from tactical fighters such as the MiG-27 Flogger and attack helicopters such as the Mi-24 Hind and…

Kerry blue terrier, versatile breed of working terrier that is used as a hunter, land and water retriever, and sheep and cattle herder. The Kerry blue originated in County Kerry, Ireland, where it has been bred since the 1820s. It is 17.5 to 19.5 inches (44.5 to 49.5 cm) tall, weighs 29 to 40

Kerry: The four peninsulas are the Kerry Head peninsula, the most northerly, 7 miles (11 km) long; the Dingle Peninsula, which extends for nearly 40 miles (64 km) from Tralee to the Blasket Islands; the Iveragh Peninsula, 30 miles (48 km) long and 15 miles (24 km) wide, which continues the…

Keri Hulme was a New Zealand novelist, poet, and short-story writer, chiefly known for her first novel, The Bone People (1983), which won the Booker Prize in 1985. Much of Hulme’s writing deals with the language and culture of the Maori people of New Zealand. Although Hulme was born of mostly mixed

John Kerry is a U.S. politician who served in the Senate (1985–2013) and who was the Democratic Party’s nominee for president in 2004. He later was secretary of state (2013–17) in the administration of Pres. Barack Obama. Kerry was born in a Denver military hospital, the son of Richard Kerry, a

John Kerry is a U.S. politician who served in the Senate (1985–2013) and who was the Democratic Party’s nominee for president in 2004. He later was secretary of state (2013–17) in the administration of Pres. Barack Obama. Kerry was born in a Denver military hospital, the son of Richard Kerry, a

New York slave rebellion of 1741: …implicated a white prostitute named Peggy Kerry, who had ties to Caesar. Kerry was then forced to testify and implicated many Blacks in the conspiracy, and, on the basis of her testimony, those named were kept in custody. Those held in custody were also forced to provide testimony and name…

Georg Kerschensteiner was a German educational theorist and reformer who was a leader in the growth of vocational education in Germany. Kerschensteiner taught mathematics in Nürnberg and Schweinfurt before being named director of public schools in Munich in 1895. In that post, which he held until

Georg Kerschensteiner was a German educational theorist and reformer who was a leader in the growth of vocational education in Germany. Kerschensteiner taught mathematics in Nürnberg and Schweinfurt before being named director of public schools in Munich in 1895. In that post, which he held until

Florence Griffith Joyner: Flash and Dash: …attention of well-known track coach Bob Kersee, who later recruited her to run for California State University at Northridge and, in 1980, for the University of California at Los Angeles.

Portland Trail Blazers: …guard Terry Porter, and forward Jerome Kersey—won their first three playoff series to capture the Western Conference title. In the NBA finals the team was defeated by the Detroit Pistons in five games. The Blazers were eliminated by the Lakers in the conference finals the following season after posting a…

dictionary: From 1604 to 1828: …by the first professional lexicographer, John Kersey the Younger. This work, A New English Dictionary, incorporated much from the tradition of spelling books and discarded most of the fantastic words that had beguiled earlier lexicographers. As a result, it served the reasonable needs of ordinary users of the language. Kersey…

Kershaw, county, central South Carolina, U.S., northeast of Columbia. The Lynches River forms the northeastern border. The county is also drained by the Wateree River, which is impounded by Wateree Dam to form Wateree Lake, which in turn provides part of the western border. Most of the county lies

Clayton Kershaw is an American professional baseball player who was among the sport’s best pitchers, winning three Cy Young Awards (2011, 2013, and 2014). Kershaw was drafted out of high school by the Los Angeles Dodgers with the seventh overall pick of the 2006 amateur draft. The powerful

Clayton Kershaw is an American professional baseball player who was among the sport’s best pitchers, winning three Cy Young Awards (2011, 2013, and 2014). Kershaw was drafted out of high school by the Los Angeles Dodgers with the seventh overall pick of the 2006 amateur draft. The powerful

Irvin Kershner was an American television and film director who worked in a variety of genres but was perhaps best known for The Empire Strikes Back (1980) from the Star Wars series. Kershner attended Temple University and later studied design at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA),

Irvin Kershner was an American television and film director who worked in a variety of genres but was perhaps best known for The Empire Strikes Back (1980) from the Star Wars series. Kershner attended Temple University and later studied design at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA),

particle accelerator: Colliding-beam storage rings: Donald W. Kerst, builder of the first betatron, realized in 1956 that, though the beam current in a high-energy accelerator is small, the currents circulating in the magnet rings are effectively much larger because of the high orbital frequency of the particles. Thus, if the…

Biedermeier style: …representative painters include Franz Krüger, Georg Friedrich Kersting, Julius Oldach, Carl Spitzweg, and Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller.

Kaḍiri: …last king of Kaḍiri was Kertajaya, who reduced the power of the Brahmans and hence came into conflict with them. A rebel, Ken Angrok, later the king of Singhasāri, made a secret agreement with the Brahmans and in 1222 defeated Kertajaya at Ganter. In the place of Kaḍiri, the kingdom…

Kertanagara was the last king (1268–92) of Tumapel (or Singhasāri) in Java, still venerated among the Javanese as one of their greatest rulers. He united Java, extended his influence over Sumatra, and resisted Mongol attempts to exact tribute from his kingdom. Kertanagara was the son of princely

Indonesia: The Majapahit era: …Kertanagara’s son-in-law, later known as Kertarajasa, who used the Mongols to his own advantage and then forced them to withdraw in confusion. The capital city of the kingdom was moved to Majapahit. For some years the new ruler and his son, who regarded themselves as successors of Kertanagara, had to…

André Kertész was a Hungarian-born American photographer known for his lyrical and formally rigorous pictures of everyday life. One of the most inventive photographers of the 20th century, Kertész set the standard for the use of the handheld camera, created a highly autobiographical body of work,

Imre Kertész was a Hungarian author best known for his semiautobiographical accounts of the Holocaust. In 2002 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature. At age 14 Kertész was deported with other Hungarian Jews during World War II to the Auschwitz concentration camp in Nazi-occupied Poland. He was

Michael Curtiz was a Hungarian-born American motion-picture director whose prolific output as a contract director for Warner Brothers was composed of many solid but run-of-the-mill genre films along with a string of motion picture classics that included Angels with Dirty Faces (1938), Casablanca

Mongolia: Drainage: …third longest river, the Kherlen (Kerulen), runs south from its source in the Khentii Mountains before turning eastward and flowing across eastern Mongolia and into Lake Hulun (Mongolian: Dalai Nuur) in northeastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The largest rivers draining into the Great Lakes region of the Mongolian…

Joseph Kerwin is a U.S. astronaut and physician who served as science pilot on Skylab 2, the first crewed mission to the first U.S. space station. Kerwin received his degree in medicine in 1957 from Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, Illinois, after which he joined the U.S. Navy

Joseph Kerwin is a U.S. astronaut and physician who served as science pilot on Skylab 2, the first crewed mission to the first U.S. space station. Kerwin received his degree in medicine in 1957 from Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, Illinois, after which he joined the U.S. Navy

kerygma and catechesis, in Christian theology, respectively, the initial proclamation of the gospel message and the oral instruction given before baptism to those who have accepted the message. Kerygma refers primarily to the preaching of the Apostles as recorded in the New Testament. Their message

Rudolf Bultmann: Bultmann’s theology: …title Kerygma und Mythos (Kerygma and Myth).

biblical literature: Apocalypses: …the Apostolic Constitutions), and the Kerygma of Peter, a favourite at Alexandria, as well as various gnostic works, such as The Dialogue of the Redeemer, Pistis Sophia (“Faith-Wisdom”), and the Sophia Jesu Christi (“Wisdom of Jesus Christ”). From the 5th century there is even a Testamentum Domini (“Testament of the…

Rudolf Bultmann: Bultmann’s theology: …title Kerygma und Mythos (Kerygma and Myth).

caduceus, staff carried by Hermes, the messenger of the gods, as a symbol of peace. Among the ancient Greeks and Romans it became the badge of heralds and ambassadors, signifying their inviolability. Originally the caduceus was a rod or olive branch ending in two shoots and decorated with garlands

kēryx, inviolable ancient Greek messenger. In Homer’s time the kēryx was simply a trusted attendant or retainer of a chieftain. The role of kērykes expanded, however, to include acting as inviolable messengers between states, even in time of war, proclaiming meetings of the council, popular

Sikhism: Guru Gobind Singh and the founding of the Khalsa: …wearing of the “Five Ks”—kes or kesh (uncut hair), kangha (comb), kachha (short trousers), kara (steel bracelet), and kirpan (ceremonial sword)—did not become an obligation of all Sikhs until the establishment of the Singh Sabha, a religious and educational reform movement of

Ken Loach: …was followed by the poignant Kes (1970), about a boy, abused at home and school, who befriends a fledgling kestrel. That film received much acclaim, including a nomination for best picture at the British Academy Film Awards. Loach investigated similar themes of class and society in such films as Which…

Sikhism: Other groups: One group, the Kes-Dhari, is composed of Sikhs who wear the kes, uncut hair, required as one of the Five Ks, and includes all those whom the popular view regards as Sikhs. Not all Kes-Dharis wear all of the Five Ks, but they will at least wear the…

India: Origins of the nationalist movement: …Marathi journalist, whose vernacular newspaper, Kesari (“Lion”), became the leading literary thorn in the side of the British. The Lokamanya (“Revered by the People”), as Tilak came to be called after he was jailed for seditious writings in 1897, looked to orthodox Hinduism and Maratha history as his twin sources…

South Asian arts: Marathi: …in Marathi poetry began with Kesavasut and was influenced by 19th-century British Romanticism and liberalism, European nationalism, and the greatness of the history of Mahārāshtra. Kesavasut declared a revolt against traditional Marathi poetry and started a school, lasting until 1920, that emphasized home and nature, the glorious past, and pure…

Kesennuma, city, northeastern Miyagi ken (prefecture), northern Honshu, Japan. It lies about 70 miles (110 km) northeast of Sendai, the prefectural capital, on the deeply indented Pacific Ocean coast at the head of Kesennuma Bay, which shelters the city’s harbour and commercial fishing port.

Ken Kesey was an American writer who was a hero of the countercultural revolution and the hippie movement of the 1960s. Kesey was educated at the University of Oregon and Stanford University. At a Veterans Administration hospital in Menlo Park, California, he was a paid volunteer experimental

Ken Kesey was an American writer who was a hero of the countercultural revolution and the hippie movement of the 1960s. Kesey was educated at the University of Oregon and Stanford University. At a Veterans Administration hospital in Menlo Park, California, he was a paid volunteer experimental

Indian philosophy: The old school: …century; “The Charm of Nyaya”), Keshava Mishra’s Tarkabhasha (c. 1275; “The Language of Reasoning”), Annam Bhatta’s Tarkasamgraha (c. 1623; “Compendium of Logic”), and Vishvanatha’s Bhashapariccheda (1634; “Determination of the Meaning of the Verses”).

Afghanistan: Prehistory: Caves near Āq Kupruk yielded evidence of an early Neolithic (New Stone Age) culture (c. 9000–6000 bce) based on domesticated animals. Archaeological research since World War II has revealed Bronze Age sites, dating both before and after the Indus civilization of the 3rd to the 2nd millennium…

Ismail Kadare: …Albanian history are Kështjella (1970; The Castle or The Siege), a recounting of the armed resistance of the Albanian people against the Ottoman Turks in the 15th century, and Dimri i madh (1977; “The Great Winter”), which depicts the events that produced the break between Albania and the Soviet Union…

kesi, Chinese silk tapestry woven in a pictorial design. The designation kesi, which means “cut silk,” derives from the visual illusion of cut threads that is created by distinct, unblended areas of colour. The earliest surviving examples of kesi date from the Tang dynasty (618–907), but it first

Bronx, one of the five boroughs of New York City, southeastern New York, U.S., coextensive with Bronx county, formed in 1912. The Bronx is the northernmost of the city’s boroughs. It is separated from Manhattan (to the south and west) by the narrow Harlem River and is further bordered by

Sikhism: Sects: …the command really stands for keski, which means a small turban that is normally worn under the main turban. In this group, men and women must wear this variety of turban. The group is strict in its beliefs, attaching great importance to kirtan, or the singing of hymns, and frequently…

Indian National Congress: The party since 1991: …was succeeded as president by Sitaram Kesri, the party’s first non-Brahman leader.

Albert Kesselring was a field marshal who, as German commander in chief, south, became one of Adolf Hitler’s top defensive strategists during World War II. The son of a town education officer, Kesselring joined the army as a cadet in 1904. After serving in World War I and remaining in the army

blitzkrieg: Blitzkrieg in principle: …commence, using the concept of Kesselschlacht (“cauldron battle”). A frontal attack would immobilize the enemy while forces on the flanks would execute a double envelopment, forming a pocket called a Kessel (“cauldron”) around the enemy. Once surrounded, the opposing army, demoralized and with no chance of escape, would face the…

space debris: …a chain reaction (called the Kessler syndrome after American scientist Donald Kessler) in which the resulting space debris would destroy other satellites and so on, with low Earth orbit eventually becoming unusable. To forestall such a debris buildup, space agencies have begun taking steps to mitigate the problem, such as…

space debris: …Kessler syndrome after American scientist Donald Kessler) in which the resulting space debris would destroy other satellites and so on, with low Earth orbit eventually becoming unusable. To forestall such a debris buildup, space agencies have begun taking steps to mitigate the problem, such as burning up all the fuel…

graphic design: The digital revolution: …postage stamp from 1998, designers Ethel Kessler and Greg Berger digitally montaged John Singer Sargent’s portrait of Frederick Law Olmsted with a photograph of New York’s Central Park, a site plan, and botanical art to commemorate the landscape architect. Together these images evoke a rich expression of Olmsted’s life and…

Helen Keller International: In 1915 the American merchant George Kessler and his wife, Cora Parsons Kessler, organized in Paris the British, French, and Belgian Permanent Relief War Fund. George Kessler had been aboard the Lusitania when it was sunk by a German torpedo. As a survivor, he vowed to help veterans in some…

typography: The private-press movement: …Cranach, conducted at Weimar by Count Harry Kessler. It produced editions of the classics and of German and English literature illustrated by artists such as Aristide Maillol, Eric Gill, and Gordon Craig and printed with types by Emery Walker and Edward Johnston on paper made by hand in France. Kessler’s…

Henry Howard Kessler was an American orthopedic surgeon and medical administrator who was instrumental in the development of rehabilitative services for people with physical disabilities. A graduate of Cornell University Medical School in 1919, Kessler was inspired to become an orthopedic surgeon

Joe Calzaghe: …a decision over Danish boxer Mikkel Kessler, adding Kessler’s World Boxing Council (WBC) and World Boxing Association (WBA) titles to his own WBO and IBF championships. Calzaghe made his American debut in April 2008, winning a split decision over former undisputed middleweight champion Bernard Hopkins. In November 2008 he won…

Parts of Kesteven, formerly one of the three separately administered divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire, England. It now forms two county districts: North Kesteven and South Kesteven. Both are part of the administrative county of Lincolnshire. They are profoundly rural in character;

Parts of Kesteven, formerly one of the three separately administered divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire, England. It now forms two county districts: North Kesteven and South Kesteven. Both are part of the administrative county of Lincolnshire. They are profoundly rural in character;

Charlotte von Stein: …by Goethe’s earlier attachment to Charlotte Buff.

kestrel, any of several small birds of prey of the genus Falco (family Falconidae) known for their habit of hovering while hunting. Kestrels prey on large insects, birds, and small mammals. They exhibit sexual colour dimorphism, rare among hawks: the male is the more colourful. Kestrels are mainly

Kęstutis was the grand duke of Lithuania (1381–82) who defended his country’s western borders against the Teutonic Knights. Kęstutis was one of the seven sons of Gediminas, the grand duke of Lithuania (reigned 1316–41), who had built that nation into a powerful east European empire. Kęstutis fought

Keswick, town (parish), Allerdale district, administrative county of Cumbria, historic county of Cumberland, northwestern England. It lies at the north end of the Derwent Water (lake), below the peak of Skiddaw. Keswick is the main transportation focus, tourist resort, and shopping centre of the

Lake Balaton: …in the extensive reedbeds near Keszthely, where rare water birds nest. The southern border of the lake is very fertile, and the volcanic soils to the northwest form the basis of a noted wine-growing region.

Ket, indigenous people of central Siberia who live in the Yenisey River basin; in the late 20th century they numbered about 500. Certain traits of the Ket suggest a southerly origin. Their language, Ket, is the last true survivor of the Yeniseian group spoken in the area. Usually classed as

Ket language, one of two surviving members of the Yeniseian family of languages spoken by about 500 people living in central Siberia. (The other, a moribund close relative called Yug [Yugh], or Sym, is sometimes considered a dialect of Ket.) The Yeniseian languages are not known to be related to

Ob River: Physiography: …the Parabel (both left), the Ket (right), the Vasyugan (left), and the Tym and Vakh rivers (both right). Down to the Vasyugan confluence the river passes through the southern belt of the taiga, thereafter entering the middle belt. Below the Vakh confluence the middle Ob changes its course from northwesterly…

Robert Ket: …which was afterwards known as Ket’s Rebellion. He was either a tanner or, more probably, a small landowner.

Robert Ket was an English leader of the Norfolk rising of 1549, which was afterwards known as Ket’s Rebellion. He was either a tanner or, more probably, a small landowner. The rising seems to have originated in a quarrel between the people of Wymondham, in Norfolk, and a certain Flowerdew and was

Keta, town, southeastern Ghana. It lies on the Gulf of Guinea of the Atlantic Ocean, near the mouth of the Volta River. It is built on a sandspit separating the Atlantic from the Keta Lagoon. Before the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century, the area was part of the African kingdom of Anlo. The

ketamine, general anesthetic agent related structurally to the hallucinogen phencyclidine (PCP). Ketamine was first synthesized in 1962 at Parke Davis Laboratories by American scientist Calvin Stevens, who was searching for a new anesthetic to replace PCP, which was not suitable for use in humans

Jack Ketch was an English executioner notorious for his barbarous inefficiency; for nearly two centuries after his death his nickname was popularly applied to all of England’s executioners. Ketch is believed to have received his appointment as public hangman in 1663. The first recorded mention of

Jack Ketch was an English executioner notorious for his barbarous inefficiency; for nearly two centuries after his death his nickname was popularly applied to all of England’s executioners. Ketch is believed to have received his appointment as public hangman in 1663. The first recorded mention of

Stanley Ketchel was an American professional boxer, considered by some boxing historians to be the greatest fighter in the history of the middleweight division. (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.) Upon the death of his parents, Ketchel left Michigan and began riding boxcars to the

Ketchikan, city, port of entry, southeastern Alaska, U.S. Situated on southwestern Revillagigedo Island and part of the Alexander Archipelago, it lies 235 miles (380 km) south of Juneau. The site was originally a fishing settlement for the Tongass and Cape Fox Tlingit Indians, who named a creek in