Wexford, county in the province of Leinster, southeastern Ireland. It is bounded on the east and south by the Irish Sea and from west to north by Counties Kilkenny, Carlow, and Wicklow. The town of Wexford, on the Irish Sea coast, is the county seat, and there is a county manager. The Blackstairs

Wexford, seaport and county seat, County Wexford, Ireland, on the River Slaney. The name Wexford derives from the Norse settlement of Waesfjord. It was an early colony of the English, having been taken by Robert FitzStephen in 1169. The town received a charter in 1317, which was extended in 1411 by

Loch Leven: …trout (Salmo trutta) known as Loch Leven trout—have been widely transplanted elsewhere in the world.

Loch Ness monster, large marine creature believed by some people to inhabit Loch Ness, Scotland. However, much of the alleged evidence supporting its existence has been discredited, and it is widely thought that the monster is a myth. Reports of a monster inhabiting Loch Ness date back to ancient

Henry Brougham Loch, 1st Baron Loch was a British soldier and administrator who served as high commissioner in Southern Africa and governor of Cape Colony from 1889 to 1895, a period of mounting tension between the British and the Boers. A career soldier, Loch began his service in India (1844–53)

Henry Brougham Loch, 1st Baron Loch was a British soldier and administrator who served as high commissioner in Southern Africa and governor of Cape Colony from 1889 to 1895, a period of mounting tension between the British and the Boers. A career soldier, Loch began his service in India (1844–53)

Treaties of Fort Stanwix: …Labor (October 1768) and the Treaty of Lochaber (October 1770). These three treaties launched a new period of eager land speculation, accompanied by a stream of homesteaders who quickly poured into the Ohio River region.

Loches, town, Indre-et-Loire département, Centre région, west-central France, located on the left bank of the Indre River southeast of Tours. The town is dominated by the medieval citadel, which is surrounded by 1.5 miles (2 km) of old walls. It embraces three separate buildings: the Royal Lodge

Lochgilphead, burgh (town) and holiday resort, Argyll and Bute council area, historic county of Argyllshire, Scotland, situated at the head of Loch Gilp (a marine inlet of Loch Fyne) by the side of the Crinan Canal (built 1793–1801). The burgh developed from an older herring fishing village and is

Lochinvar, fictional romantic hero of the ballad “Marmion” (1808) by Sir Walter Scott. Lochinvar is a brave knight who arrives unannounced at the bridal feast of Ellen, his beloved, who is about to be married to “a laggard in love and a dastard in war.” Lochinvar claims one dance with the bride and

Zambia: Plant and animal life: Lochinvar, on the Kafue Flats, is of particular interest to bird-watchers, with more than 400 species recorded. The Kafue lechwe is unique to the flats. The Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park protects the environs of Victoria Falls and is recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site.…

Lochkovian Stage, lowermost of the three standard worldwide divisions of Early Devonian rocks and time. It is the lowest division of the Devonian Period and the Lower Devonian Series. The Lochkovian Stage spans the interval between 419.2 million and 410.8 million years ago. The name is derived from

Kinross: Lochleven Castle, on an island in the lake, was the scene of the imprisonment (1567–68) of Mary, Queen of Scots. Kinross House (1685–92), designed by Sir William Bruce, is situated on the peninsula east of the burgh. Kinross is the historic county town (seat) of…

Lochmaben, royal burgh (town), Dumfries and Galloway council area, historic county of Dumfriesshire, Scotland, situated near several small lochs in Annandale valley. Robert the Bruce, who ruled Scotland as Robert I from 1306 to 1329, had close associations with the town and, according to local

Lochnagar, scenic mountain of coarse red granite, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, south of the River Dee in the Grampian Mountains. The mountain ridge, popularized in the 19th century by Lord Byron’s poem “Lachin y Gair,” has 11 summits with elevations greater than 3,000 feet (900 metres); the highest is

Lewanika: …was led into signing the Lochner Concession in June 1890—which assigned mineral and trading rights of Barotseland to the British South Africa Company (BSAC)—without a full understanding of what the agreement said or of its implications. He believed he was signing an agreement with the British government and was unhappy…

Lochner v. New York, case in which, on April 17, 1905, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a New York state law setting 10 hours of labour a day as the legal maximum in the baking trade. The opinion drew a stinging rebuke from Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., whose dissent became the prevailing

Stefan Lochner was a late Gothic painter, considered to be the greatest representative of the school of Cologne. He is known primarily for his highly mystical religious paintings. Little is known of his early life, but he is thought to have studied in the Netherlands, possibly under Robert Campin

Ryan Lochte is an American swimmer who was one of the sport’s most successful Olympians. His 12 medals, 6 of which were gold, made him the second most-decorated male swimmer in Olympic history, behind teammate Michael Phelps. Lochte attended the University of Florida (B.S., 2007), where he won

Ryan Lochte is an American swimmer who was one of the sport’s most successful Olympians. His 12 medals, 6 of which were gold, made him the second most-decorated male swimmer in Olympic history, behind teammate Michael Phelps. Lochte attended the University of Florida (B.S., 2007), where he won

Philipp Melanchthon: In 1521 Melanchthon published the Loci communes, the first systematic treatment of the new Wittenberg theology developed by Luther. Because of his academic expertise, he was asked to help in founding schools, and he played an important role in reforming public schools in Germany.

Philipp Melanchthon: In 1521 Melanchthon published the Loci communes, the first systematic treatment of the new Wittenberg theology developed by Luther. Because of his academic expertise, he was asked to help in founding schools, and he played an important role in reforming public schools in Germany.

mnemonic: Early methodologies: …method is referred to as loci et res, or method of loci, and is an effective way to remember a series of items. The most usual method is to choose a large house in which the rooms, walls, windows, decorations, and furniture are severally associated with certain names, phrases, events,…

Johann Gerhard: …the standard Lutheran dogmatic treatise Loci Theologici, and spearhead of every major Lutheran theological gathering of his time.

mnemonic: Early methodologies: …method is referred to as loci et res, or method of loci, and is an effective way to remember a series of items. The most usual method is to choose a large house in which the rooms, walls, windows, decorations, and furniture are severally associated with certain names, phrases, events,…

lock, enclosure or basin located in the course of a canal or a river (or in the vicinity of a dock) with gates at each end, within which the water level may be varied to raise or lower boats. Where the required lift is of considerable height, a series of connected but isolable basins, or locks, is

lock, mechanical device for securing a door or receptacle so that it cannot be opened except by a key or by a series of manipulations that can be carried out only by a person knowing the secret or code. The lock originated in the Near East; the oldest known example was found in the ruins of the

canals and inland waterways: Medieval revival: In the 15th century the lock-gate system was much improved with the addition of paddles to control the flow of water in and out of the lock chamber through sluices in the gates or sides of the lock.

Lock Haven, city, seat (1839) of Clinton county, north-central Pennsylvania, U.S. It lies along the West Branch Susquehanna River (a major tributary of the Susquehanna), on the southern slope of Bald Eagle Mountain, 26 miles (42 km) southwest of Williamsport. Founded in 1834 by Jeremiah Church, a

Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, public coeducational institution of higher learning in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, U.S. It is part of Pennsylvania’s State System of Higher Education and comprises colleges of Arts and Sciences, and Education and Human Services. The university offers a range of

Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, public coeducational institution of higher learning in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, U.S. It is part of Pennsylvania’s State System of Higher Education and comprises colleges of Arts and Sciences, and Education and Human Services. The university offers a range of

Thomas Chippendale: …had published designs earlier, and Matthias Lock, whom Chippendale had hired to provide special designs for clients.

Pulp Fiction: (1996), Grosse Pointe Blank (1997), Lock, Stock, and Two Smoking Barrels (1998), and Go (1999). Film buffs also indulged in imaginative speculation about certain elements in the film, such as what appear to be plot threads connecting its characters with those in Reservoir Dogs and theories about the contents of…

chromatography: Retention mechanism: Very specific intermolecular interactions, “lock and key,” are known in biochemistry. Examples include enzyme-protein, antigen-antibody, and hormone-receptor binding. A structural feature of an enzyme will attach to a specific structural feature of a protein. Affinity chromatography exploits this feature by binding a

Tom Hardy: …as the title character in Locke (2013), a film that takes place almost entirely in a car, with Hardy as the only character who appears on-screen for the entire movie. In 2015 he starred in George Miller’s Mad Max: Fury Road as Max Rockatansky, a role that was made famous…

Locke v. Davey, legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled (7–2), on February 25, 2004, that a Washington state scholarship program for academically gifted postsecondary students that explicitly excluded students pursuing degrees in theology did not violate the First Amendment’s free exercise

Ringer’s solution: Mammalian Ringer’s solution (Locke’s, or Ringer-Locke’s, solution) differs in that it contains glucose and more sodium chloride than the original solution.

Alain Locke was an American educator, writer, and philosopher, best remembered as the leader and chief interpreter of the Harlem Renaissance. Locke graduated in philosophy from Harvard University in 1907. He was the first black Rhodes scholar, studying at Oxford (1907–10) and the University of

Alain Locke was an American educator, writer, and philosopher, best remembered as the leader and chief interpreter of the Harlem Renaissance. Locke graduated in philosophy from Harvard University in 1907. He was the first black Rhodes scholar, studying at Oxford (1907–10) and the University of

Bobby Locke was a South African golfer who won the Open Championship (British Open) four times. A meticulous putter who was considered among the best in golf, Locke won the Vardon Trophy for lowest scoring average among male professional golfers in 1946, 1950, and 1954. Nine times the winner of the

Bobby Locke was a South African golfer who won the Open Championship (British Open) four times. A meticulous putter who was considered among the best in golf, Locke won the Vardon Trophy for lowest scoring average among male professional golfers in 1946, 1950, and 1954. Nine times the winner of the

Petroleum V. Nasby was an American humorist who had considerable influence on public issues during and after the American Civil War. From an early age Locke worked for newspapers in New York and Ohio. In 1861, as editor of the Findlay (Ohio) Jeffersonian, he published the first of many satirical

John Locke was an English philosopher whose works lie at the foundation of modern philosophical empiricism and political liberalism,classical liberalism in particular. He was an inspirer of both the European Enlightenment and the Constitution of the United States. His philosophical thinking was

Matthew Locke was a leading English composer for the stage in the period before Henry Purcell. By 1661 Locke had been appointed composer in ordinary to the king. After his conversion to Roman Catholicism he was appointed organist to the queen. With Christopher Gibbons he wrote the music for James

Ben Stiller: …in Hubie Halloween (2020) and Locked Down (2021). Stiller subsequently returned to TV, directing episodes of the sci-fi TV series Severance (2022– ), in which employees can undergo a procedure that separates their home and work lives.

Paul Auster: …a client named White; and The Locked Room (1986), the story of an author who, while researching the life of a missing writer for a biography, gradually assumes the identity of that writer.

Muammar al-Qaddafi: Foreign relations, Lockerbie bombing, and sanctions: …civilian airliner in 1988 over Lockerbie, Scotland, led to United Nations (UN) and U.S. sanctions that further isolated Qaddafi from the international community. In the late 1990s, however, Qaddafi turned over the alleged perpetrators of the bombing to international authorities. UN sanctions against Libya were subsequently lifted in 2003, and,…

Pan Am flight 103, flight of a passenger airliner operated by Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) that exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, on December 21, 1988, after a bomb was detonated. All 259 people on board were killed, and 11 individuals on the ground also died. About 7:00 pm on December 21,

Tony Lockett is an Australian rules football player who holds the record for most goals scored in a career (1,360). After making his senior-level debut with North Ballarat in 1982, Lockett began his Australian Football League (AFL) career with St. Kilda in 1983. He became a powerful and often

Tony Lockett is an Australian rules football player who holds the record for most goals scored in a career (1,360). After making his senior-level debut with North Ballarat in 1982, Lockett began his Australian Football League (AFL) career with St. Kilda in 1983. He became a powerful and often

Miracle on 34th Street: Cast:

John Gibson Lockhart was a Scottish critic, novelist, and biographer, best remembered for his Life of Sir Walter Scott (1837–38; enlarged 1839), one of the great biographies in English. Lockhart, the son of a Presbyterian minister descended from the landed gentry, studied at the universities of

Boston Symphony Orchestra: In 1995 Keith Lockhart became conductor.

Maksim Litvinov: …following January in exchange for Robert Bruce Lockhart, the British journalist who led a special mission to the Soviet Union in 1918. Litvinov then returned to Russia and joined the Commissariat for Foreign Affairs. He achieved prominence when he led the Soviet delegation to the preparatory commission for the League…

Battle of the Dunes: Oliver Cromwell, sent his envoy William Lockhart with 6,000 infantrymen, veterans of the English Civil Wars, to reinforce Turenne on land. On June 13, 1658, a Spanish force led by Juan José de Austria arrived to relieve Dunkirk. Under Juan José was a rebel French force commanded by the renowned…

history of flight: Postwar airlines: …direction, and the Lockheed 1649A Starliner, which could fly nonstop on polar routes from Los Angeles to Europe. The Starliner carried 75 passengers at speeds of 350 to 400 miles (560 to 640 km) per hour. Each of its Wright turbocompound radial engines developed 3,400 horsepower. Prior to the introduction…

Lockheed Martin Corporation, major American diversified company with core business concentrations in aerospace products—including aircraft, space launchers, satellites, and defense systems—and other advanced-technology systems and services. About half of the company’s annual sales are to the U.S.

Lockheed Martin Corporation, major American diversified company with core business concentrations in aerospace products—including aircraft, space launchers, satellites, and defense systems—and other advanced-technology systems and services. About half of the company’s annual sales are to the U.S.

Marc Newson: …piece, the aluminum and fibreglass Lockheed Lounge (1986). This was the first of several limited-edition chairs. Like many of his later furniture pieces, it is made of atypical materials. It has a seamless exterior and a Modernist yet somewhat retro form variously described as biomorphic or zoomorphic. In 1987 Newson…

Lockheed Martin Corporation, major American diversified company with core business concentrations in aerospace products—including aircraft, space launchers, satellites, and defense systems—and other advanced-technology systems and services. About half of the company’s annual sales are to the U.S.

atmosphere: Measurement systems: …field experiments, such as the Lockheed P-3 aircraft employed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the United States, are heavily instrumented and often carry Doppler radar, turbulence sensors, and in situ measurement devices for cloud water, cloud ice content, and structure. The NOAA P-3 has been used…

John Knudsen Northrop: …he designed and built the Vega, a high-wing monoplane noted for its plywood fuselage of monocoque, or stressed-skin, construction, in which the plywood sheath, rather than heavy internal trusses, provided the structural support.

Tim Winton: …wrote several children’s books, including Lockie Leonard, Human Torpedo (1990), The Bugalugs Bum Thief (1991), and The Deep (1998).

tetanus, acute infectious disease of humans and other animals, caused by toxins produced by the bacillus Clostridium tetani and characterized by rigidity and spasms of the voluntary muscles. The almost constant involvement of the jaw muscles accounts for the popular name of the disease. Spores of

lockout, the tactic of withholding employment, typically used by employers to hinder union organization or to gain leverage in labour disputes. It is often accomplished by literally locking employees out of the workplace, but it can also be achieved through work stoppage, layoffs, or the hiring of

Lockport, city, seat (1822) of Niagara county, western New York, U.S. It lies 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Buffalo. It was founded in 1821 and grew around the series of five double locks (1847) of the Erie Canal built to overcome a difference of about 60 feet (18 metres) between the levels of Lake

detective story: …urbane assistant Archie Goodwin; and Frances and Richard Lockridge, with another bright married couple, Mr. and Mrs. North. In France, Georges Simenon produced novel after novel at a rapid-fire pace, making his hero, Inspector Maigret, one of the best-known detectives since Sherlock Holmes. Other writers who carried out the tradition…

detective story: …Archie Goodwin; and Frances and Richard Lockridge, with another bright married couple, Mr. and Mrs. North. In France, Georges Simenon produced novel after novel at a rapid-fire pace, making his hero, Inspector Maigret, one of the best-known detectives since Sherlock Holmes. Other writers who carried out the tradition of Holmes…

Locksley Hall, poem in trochaic metre by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, published in the collection Poems (1842). The speaker of this dramatic monologue declaims against marriages made for material gain and worldly prestige. The speaker revisits Locksley Hall, his childhood home, where he and his cousin

Locksley Hall, poem in trochaic metre by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, published in the collection Poems (1842). The speaker of this dramatic monologue declaims against marriages made for material gain and worldly prestige. The speaker revisits Locksley Hall, his childhood home, where he and his cousin

Belva Ann Lockwood was an American feminist and lawyer who was the first woman admitted to practice law before the U.S. Supreme Court. Belva Bennett attended country schools until she was 15 and then taught in them until her marriage in 1848 to Uriah H. McNall, who died in 1853. She then resumed

2001: A Space Odyssey: …astronauts Frank Poole (played by Gary Lockwood) and Dave Bowman (Keir Dullea), is sent to Jupiter to investigate. The middle segment of the film takes place on board Discovery and is perhaps the most memorable—and most straightforward. The ship’s computer, HAL 9000, which possesses human intellect and vocal ability, malfunctions…

Margaret Lockwood was a British actress noted for her versatility and craftsmanship, who became Britain’s most popular leading lady in the late 1940s. Lockwood studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, England’s leading drama school, and made her film debut in Lorna Doone (1935). A vivacious

Queensland: Early exploration and settlement: Patrick Logan and Edmund Lockyer explored the hinterland of the penal settlement, discovering coal and limestone deposits in the process. In 1827 Cunningham was the first European to explore the Darling Downs region west of the Great Dividing Range.

Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer was a British astronomer who in 1868 discovered in the Sun’s atmosphere a previously unknown element that he named helium after Hēlios, the Greek name for the Sun and the Sun god. Lockyer became a clerk in the War Office in 1857, but his interest in astronomy eventually

Locmariaquer, village and seaside resort on the coast of the Gulf of Morbihan, Morbihan département, Brittany région, western France, south of Auray. It is famous for its megalithic monuments, notably the Fairies’ Stone, a huge broken standing stone, originally 66 feet (20 metres) high—the greatest

Bolivia: Traditional culture: …attitudes: the dance of the palla-palla caricatures the 16th-century Spanish invaders, the dance of the waka-tokoris satirizes bullfights, and the morenada mocks white men, who are depicted leading imported African slaves. Some highly embroidered and colourful costumes imitate pre-Columbian dress. Many costumes are accompanied by elaborate masks made of plaster,…

Carole King: …Baby” (1961; Bobby Vee), “The Loco-Motion” (1962; Little Eva), and “Go Away, Little Girl” (1962; Steve Lawrence). Other King and Goffin hits included “Up on the Roof” (1962; the Drifters), “One Fine Day” (1963; the Chiffons), “Don’t Bring Me Down” (1966;

Locofoco Party, in U.S. history, radical wing of the Democratic Party, organized in New York City in 1835. Made up primarily of workingmen and reformers, the Locofocos were opposed to state banks, monopolies, paper money, tariffs, and generally any financial policies that seemed to them

automobile: The age of steam: …them and sold as the Locomobile became the first commercially successful American-made automobile (about 1,000 were built in 1900). It is estimated that in the early 21st century there were still some 600 steam cars in the United States, most of them in running order.

locomotion, in ethology, any of a variety of movements among animals that results in progression from one place to another. To locomote, all animals require both propulsive and control mechanisms. The diverse propulsive mechanisms of animals involve a contractile structure—muscle in most cases—to

locomotive, any of various self-propelled vehicles used for hauling railroad cars on tracks. Although motive power for a train-set can be incorporated into a car that also has passenger, baggage, or freight accommodations, it most often is provided by a separate unit, the locomotive, which includes

Eugene V. Debs: …a local lodge of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, of which he was elected national secretary and treasurer in 1880. He also served as city clerk of Terre Haute (1879–83) and as a member of the Indiana legislature (1885).

automobile: The age of steam: The crushing blow was the Locomotives on Highways Act of 1865, which reduced permissible speeds on public roads to 2 miles (3 km) per hour within cities and 4 miles (6 km) per hour in rural areas. This legislation was known as the Red Flag Act because of its requirement…

tabes dorsalis, rare neurologic form of tertiary syphilis, involving sensory deficits, loss of neuromuscular coordination, and diminished reflexes. Symptoms of this form of neurosyphilis chiefly affect the legs and may not appear for more than 25 years after the initial infection. Untreated, tabes

locoweed, any of several species of poisonous plants of the genera Astragalus and Oxytropis, in the pea family (Fabaceae). Locoweeds are native to the prairies of north central and western North America and can pose a danger to livestock, horses, and other grazing animals. If ingested, the plants’

Locri Epizephyrii, ancient city on the eastern side of the “toe” of Italy, founded by Greeks c. 680 bc; the inhabitants used the name of Locri Epizephyrii to distinguish themselves from the Locri of Greece. Locri Epizephyrii was the first Greek community to have a written code of laws, given by

Locri Epizephyrii, ancient city on the eastern side of the “toe” of Italy, founded by Greeks c. 680 bc; the inhabitants used the name of Locri Epizephyrii to distinguish themselves from the Locri of Greece. Locri Epizephyrii was the first Greek community to have a written code of laws, given by

Opus: …the chief city of the Locri Opuntii. Its site may have been at modern Atalándi or at Kiparíssi. Homer in his Iliad mentioned Opus, and Pindar devoted his ninth Olympian ode mainly to its glory and traditions. By the 5th century bc, Opus gave its name to some of the…

Locrian mode, in Western music, the melodic mode with a pitch series corresponding to that produced by the white keys of the piano within a B–B octave. The Locrian mode and its plagal (lower-register) counterpart, the Hypolocrian mode, existed in principal long before they were mentioned by the

Aeschines: …the town of Amphissa, in Locris, Aeschines gave Philip a pretext on which to enter central Greece as the champion of the Amphictyonic forces. The eventual result was the establishment of Macedonian hegemony over central Greece (including Athens) after the Battle of Chaeronea (338). The bitter hostility between Aeschines and…

Andria, city, Puglia (Apulia) region, southeastern Italy. It is situated on the eastern slopes of the Murge plateau, just south of Barletta. Andria was perhaps the Netium mentioned by the 1st-century-bce Greek geographer Strabo, but its recorded history began with the arrival of the Normans in the

motivation: Attribution theory: …as falling along three dimensions: locus, stability, and controllability. Locus refers to the location, internal or external, of the perceived cause of a success or failure. Ability and effort, for example, are seen as internal dispositions of a person, while task difficulty and luck are situational factors external to the…

evolution: The gene pool: …gene (which geneticists call a locus), such as the one determining the MN blood groups in humans. One form of the gene codes for the M blood group, while the other form codes for the N blood group; different forms of the same gene are called alleles. The MN gene…

mathematics: The Elements: …constructions and proofs of plane geometric figures: Book I deals with the congruence of triangles, the properties of parallel lines, and the area relations of triangles and parallelograms; Book II establishes equalities relating to squares, rectangles, and triangles; Book III covers basic properties of circles; and Book IV sets out…

sleep: REM sleep: Animal studies have identified the locus ceruleus (or locus coeruleus), a region in the brainstem, as the probable source of that inhibition. When that structure is surgically destroyed in experimental animals, the animals periodically engage in active, apparently goal-directed behaviour during REM sleep, although they still show the unresponsivity to…

locust, (family Acrididae), any of a group of insects (order Orthoptera) that are distributed worldwide, the common name of which generally refers to the group of short-horned grasshoppers that often increase greatly in numbers and migrate long distances in destructive swarms. In Europe the term

honey locust, (genus Gleditsia), genus of 12 species of thorny trees or shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae). Honey locusts are native to North and South America, tropical Africa, and central and eastern Asia. Some species are cultivated as ornamentals, and a number are useful for timber or as

locust, (genus Robinia), genus of about 10 species of flowering trees and shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae), occurring in eastern North America and Mexico. Several locust trees are cultivated as ornamentals, especially the black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), often called false acacia, or yellow

carob, (Ceratonia siliqua), tree of the pea family (Fabaceae), grown for its edible pods. Carob is native to the eastern Mediterranean region and is cultivated elsewhere. The ripe dried pods can be ground into a powder that is somewhat similar in flavour to cocoa, and carob powder, chips, and