Patricia Schroeder was a U.S. politician who was the first woman elected to Congress from Colorado, serving in the U.S. House of Representatives (1973–97). She was known for her outspoken liberal positions on social welfare, women’s rights, and military spending. Schroeder received a bachelor’s

Paul Scott was a British novelist known for his chronicling of the decline of the British occupation of India, most fully realized in his series of novels known as The Raj Quartet (filmed for television as The Jewel in the Crown in 1984). Scott left school at 16 to train as an accountant. He joined

Paul Scott was a British novelist known for his chronicling of the decline of the British occupation of India, most fully realized in his series of novels known as The Raj Quartet (filmed for television as The Jewel in the Crown in 1984). Scott left school at 16 to train as an accountant. He joined

Budd Boetticher: Westerns: …writer Burt Kennedy and actor Randolph Scott for a series of taut, psychologically complex westerns. The first was Seven Men from Now (1956), with Scott as an ex-sheriff who methodically tracks down the seven criminals who killed his wife; Lee Marvin was impressive as an opportunistic villain. The Tall T…

Cozy Cole: …CBS radio to play with Raymond Scott’s orchestra. In the next year he appeared in the Broadway musical Carmen Jones, performing “Beat Out Dat Rhythm on a Drum,” and he later played with the Benny Goodman Quintet in Seven Lively Arts (1945), another musical. From 1949 to 1953 he toured…

Rick Scott is an American Republican politician who was elected to represent the state of Florida in the U.S. Senate in 2018. He had previously served as governor of the state (2011–19). Scott was born Richard Lynn Myers, the second child of Gordon Myers and Esther (née Fry) Myers. His parents

Rick Scott is an American Republican politician who was elected to represent the state of Florida in the U.S. Senate in 2018. He had previously served as governor of the state (2011–19). Scott was born Richard Lynn Myers, the second child of Gordon Myers and Esther (née Fry) Myers. His parents

Ridley Scott is a British film director and producer whose movies are acclaimed for their visual style and rich details. Scott’s father was in the military, and the family lived in several different places during World War II. After the war they settled in the Teeside metropolitan area of

Henry George Liddell: …a fellow student at Oxford, Robert Scott, began preparing the Lexicon, basing their work on the Greek–German lexicon of Francis Passow, professor at the University of Breslau.

Robert Falcon Scott was a British naval officer and explorer who led the famed ill-fated second expedition to reach the South Pole (1910–12). Scott joined the Royal Navy in 1880 and by 1897 had become a first lieutenant. While commanding an Antarctic expedition on the HMS Discovery (1901–04), he

Ronnie Scott was a British jazz entrepreneur and musician whose London nightclub, Ronnie Scott’s, became one of the world’s most famed jazz venues. A gifted bebop tenor saxophonist, he founded his club in 1959 and presented many of the outstanding American and European jazz musicians there while

AC/DC: November 18, 2017, Sydney, Australia), Bon Scott (original name Ronald Belford Scott; b. July 9, 1946, Kirriemuir, Angus, Scotland—d. February 21, 1980, London, England), Brian Johnson (b. October 5, 1947, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England), Phil Rudd (original name Phillip Rudzevecuis; b. May 19, 1954, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia),…

Ronnie Scott was a British jazz entrepreneur and musician whose London nightclub, Ronnie Scott’s, became one of the world’s most famed jazz venues. A gifted bebop tenor saxophonist, he founded his club in 1959 and presented many of the outstanding American and European jazz musicians there while

Sheila Scott was a British aviator who broke more than 100 light-aircraft records between 1965 and 1972 and was the first British pilot to fly solo around the world. (Read Orville Wright’s 1929 biography of his brother, Wilbur.) After attending a Worcester boarding school, Scott became a trainee

Sir George Gilbert Scott was an English architect, one of the most successful and prolific exponents of the Gothic Revival style during the Victorian period. Scott was apprenticed to a London architect and designed the first of his many churches in 1838; but his real artistic education dates from

Sir Giles Gilbert Scott was an English architect who designed numerous public buildings in the eclectic style of simplified historical modes often termed 20th-century traditionalism. Like his famous grandfather, Sir George Gilbert Scott, he was primarily a church builder, his greatest individual

Sir Peter Markham Scott was a British conservationist and artist. He founded the Severn Wildfowl Trust (1946; renamed the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust) and helped establish the World Wildlife Fund (1961; renamed the World Wide Fund for Nature). Scott, who was the son of Antarctic explorer Robert

Sir Walter Scott was a Scottish novelist, poet, historian, and biographer who is often considered both the inventor and the greatest practitioner of the historical novel. (Read Sir Walter Scott’s 1824 Britannica essay on chivalry.) Scott’s father was a lawyer, and his mother was the daughter of a

Sir Walter Scott was a Scottish novelist, poet, historian, and biographer who is often considered both the inventor and the greatest practitioner of the historical novel. (Read Sir Walter Scott’s 1824 Britannica essay on chivalry.) Scott’s father was a lawyer, and his mother was the daughter of a

Texas and Pacific Railway Company: Under Thomas A. Scott, who was simultaneously president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the line attempted to build to New Mexico and Arizona, where it could obtain a land grant for further expansion, but this plan was eventually abandoned.

Tim Scott is a Republican U.S. senator from South Carolina. He was appointed to the office in 2013 and won a special election the following year. He was reelected in 2016 and 2022. Scott is the first African American to be elected to the U.S. Senate from a Southern state since Reconstruction. He

Tim Scott is a Republican U.S. senator from South Carolina. He was appointed to the office in 2013 and won a special election the following year. He was reelected in 2016 and 2022. Scott is the first African American to be elected to the U.S. Senate from a Southern state since Reconstruction. He

Vera Charlotte Scott Cushman was an American social worker, an active and influential figure in the early 20th-century growth and war work of the Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA). Vera Scott was the daughter of a Scots Irish immigrant merchant whose business eventually became part of the

Disciples of Christ: Origins: His colleague Walter Scott developed a reasonable, scriptural “plan of salvation.” Its “positive,” or objective, steps into the church (faith, repentance, baptism, remission of sins, gift of the Holy Spirit) attracted thousands who longed for religious security but had not experienced the emotional crisis and subjective assurance…

Saskatchewan: History of Saskatchewan: …the first premier appointed was Walter Scott, a believer in partisan politics, as opposed to those who favoured a continuation of the kind of cooperative effort that had led to the creation of Saskatchewan as a separate province. A member of the party in federal power at the time, the…

Winfield Scott was an American army officer who held the rank of general in three wars and was the unsuccessful Whig candidate for president in 1852. He was the foremost American military figure between the Revolution and the Civil War. Scott was commissioned a captain of artillery in 1808 and

Scott-Moncrieff Commission, delegation appointed in 1901 by George Nathaniel Curzon, the British viceroy of India, to draw up a comprehensive irrigation plan for India. This was a result of Lord Curzon’s observation of famine conditions soon after his arrival in 1899. The commission was named for

Scottish terrier, short-legged terrier breed often held by its admirers to be the oldest of the Highland terriers, although this contention has not been proved. A small, squat, bewhiskered dog with wide-set, alert-looking eyes, short legs, and a distinctive rolling gait, the Scottie has a hard,

Scotland: Ethnic groups: …basis for a rich unified Scottish culture; the people of Shetland and Orkney have tended to remain apart from both of these elements and to look to Scandinavia as the mirror of their Norse heritage. Important immigrant groups have arrived, most notably Irish labourers; there have also been significant groups…

harebell, (Campanula rotundifolia), widespread, slender-stemmed perennial of the family Campanulaceae. The harebell bears nodding blue bell-like flowers. It is native to woods, meadows, and cliffsides of northern Eurasia and North America and of mountains farther south. There are more than 30 named

Scottish Borders, council area, southeastern Scotland, its location along the English border roughly coinciding with the drainage basin of the River Tweed. Its rounded hills and undulating plateaus—including the Lammermuir Hills, the Moorfoot Hills, the Tweedsmuir Hills, and the Cheviot Hills—form

Hugh MacDiarmid: …1922 he founded the monthly Scottish Chapbook, in which he advocated a Scottish literary revival and published the lyrics of “Hugh MacDiarmid,” later collected as Sangschaw (1925) and Penny Wheep (1926). Rejecting English as a medium for Scottish poetry, MacDiarmid scrutinized the pretensions and hypocrisies of modern society in verse…

makar, any of the Scottish courtly poets who flourished from about 1425 to 1550. The best known are Robert Henryson, William Dunbar, Gavin Douglas, and Sir David Lyndsay; the group is sometimes expanded to include James I of Scotland and Harry the Minstrel, or Blind Harry. Because Geoffrey Chaucer

India: Cultural effects: …college, along with Alexander Duff’s Scottish Church College, also in Calcutta, became a center of Western influence and saw the rise of the Young Bengal movement, the Westernizing zeal of which denied the Hindu religion itself.

Scotland: Political process: …known in Scotland as the Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party) and Labour parties, but thereafter into the early 21st century the Labour Party dominated Scottish politics. Indeed, at the 1997 national election the Conservative Party returned no members to the House of Commons. From Keir Hardie, who cofounded the Independent…

Scottish deerhound, dog breed called the “royal dog of Scotland,” known since the 16th century. It was once the exclusive property of the nobility, who prized it as a hunter of the Scottish stag. Like the greyhound in build but larger and more heavily boned, the Scottish deerhound stands 28 to 32

Scottish Enlightenment, the conjunction of minds, ideas, and publications in Scotland during the whole of the second half of the 18th century and extending over several decades on either side of that period. Contemporaries referred to Edinburgh as a “hotbed of genius.” Voltaire in 1762 wrote in

alliterative verse: …usually held to be “Scottish Fielde,” which deals with the Battle of Flodden (1513).

Scottish fold cat, Breed of domestic cat with ears that fold forward and down. A Scottish shepherd discovered the foundation cat—Susie, a white barn cat—in 1961. Scottish folds may be longhaired or shorthaired and of various colours and patterns. Susie’s fold was caused by a genetic mutation that

Scotland: Education of Scotland: The Scottish Further and Higher Education Funding Council (formed in 2005 from the amalgamation of the Scottish Higher Education Funding Council and the Scottish Further Education Funding Council) plays a key role in allocating funds to institutions in these sectors.

Scots Gaelic language, a member of the Goidelic group of Celtic languages, spoken along the northwest coast of Scotland and in the Hebrides islands. Australia, the United States, and Canada (particularly Nova Scotia) are also home to Scots Gaelic communities. Scots Gaelic is a recent offshoot of

Celtic literature: Scottish Gaelic: The earliest extant Scottish Gaelic writing consists of marginalia added in the 12th century to the Latin Gospels contained in the 9th-century Book of Deer. The most important early Gaelic literary manuscript is The Book of the Dean

bagpipe: The Scottish Highland bagpipe has two tenor drones and a bass drone, tuned an octave apart; its scale preserves traditional intervals foreign to European classical music. It was once, like other bagpipes, a pastoral and festive instrument; its military use with drums dates from the 18th…

Scottish Highlands, major physiographic and cultural division of Scotland, lying northwest of a line drawn from Dumbarton, near the head of the Firth of Clyde on the western coast, to Stonehaven, on the eastern coast. The western offshore islands of the Inner and Outer Hebrides and Arran and Bute

Robert Greene: In The Scottish Historie of James the fourth, slaine at Flodden (written c. 1590, published 1598) he used an Italian tale but drew on fairy lore for the characters of Oberon and Bohan. It was a forerunner of As You Like It and A Midsummer Night’s Dream.…

Scottish law: Courts of law: The Scottish Land Court, established in 1911, has jurisdiction in a wide range of matters relating to agriculture. Disputes between landlords and tenants of agricultural holdings may be brought before it by judicial process or, by agreement of the parties, in lieu of arbitration. It also…

Scottish law, the legal practices and institutions of Scotland. At the union of the parliaments of England and Scotland in 1707, the legal systems of the two countries were very dissimilar. Scotland, mainly in the preceding century, had adopted as a guide much of the Roman law that had been

Scottish literature, the body of writings produced by inhabitants of Scotland that includes works in Scots Gaelic, Scots (Lowland Scots), and English. This article focuses on literature in Scots and in English; see English literature for additional discussion of some works in English. For a

bagpipe: The Scottish Lowland bagpipe, played from about 1750 to about 1850, was bellows-blown, with three drones in one stock, and had a softer sound. Akin to this were the two-droned bagpipes played up to the 18th century in Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, and England. The modern…

Lowlands, cultural and historical region of Scotland, comprising the portion of the country southeast of a line drawn from Dumbarton to Stonehaven; northwest of the line are the Highlands. Traditionally, the Lowlands were distinguished by the use of the Scots language (considered a dialect or close

Scotia Sea: Named after the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition (1902–1904) vessel Scotia, under the command of William S. Bruce, the Scotia Sea has a lengthy record of exploration dating back to the 17th century. Through the 18th and 19th centuries, exploration was encouraged by a relentless search for new and…

Scottish National Dictionary, dictionary published in Edinburgh and containing all Scottish words known to be in use since about 1700. It is designed partly on regional lines and partly on historical principles. (Read H.L. Mencken’s 1926 Britannica essay on American English.) Work commenced on this

Scottish National Party (SNP), nationalist political party that has sought to make Scotland an independent state within the European Union (EU). The SNP was formed in 1934 from a union of the National Party of Scotland (founded in 1928) and the Scottish Party (1932). From the beginning,

Scottish National Zoological Park and Carnegie Aquarium, collection of terrestrial and aquatic animals founded in 1913 by the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland in Edinburgh. More than 1,190 specimens of over 150 species are exhibited on the 75-acre (30-hectare) grounds. Included in the

United Kingdom: London’s local government, House of Lords reform, and devolution for Scotland and Wales: …Assembly for Wales and the Scottish Parliament were established in 1999 and granted powers previously reserved for the central government. Yet, with the exception of political devolution to the component states of the United Kingdom, the Labour Party remained reluctant to reform the constitution, so that at the beginning of…

reel: Scottish reels are mentioned as early as the 16th century. Except in the Scottish Highlands, they disappeared under the influence of the Presbyterian church in the 17th century; they reappeared in the Scottish Lowlands after 1700. The Irish reel, or cor, is distinguished by more…

Hugh MacDiarmid: …1978, Edinburgh) was the preeminent Scottish poet of the first half of the 20th century and leader of the Scottish literary renaissance.

symphony: Mendelssohn: 3 (Scottish) and Symphony No. 4 (Italian), both in A major–minor. The Scottish (also called Scotch), completed in 1842, although not programmatic, is expressive of Mendelssohn’s poetic nature. Its beginning was sketched during a visit to Scotland in 1829. In structure the work consists of four…

tartan: The Scottish Tartans Authority, headquartered in Crieff, Perthshire, Scot., was founded in 1996 to advance and promote the education of the public about Scottish tartans. The organization maintains the International Tartan Index with a database of more than 4,000 tartans. Within the United States, the Scottish…

Scottish terrier, short-legged terrier breed often held by its admirers to be the oldest of the Highland terriers, although this contention has not been proved. A small, squat, bewhiskered dog with wide-set, alert-looking eyes, short legs, and a distinctive rolling gait, the Scottie has a hard,

boxing: Professional boxing: The death of light-heavyweight fighter Beethavean (Bee) Scottland after a nationally televised bout in July 2001 renewed the call for greater safety measures for boxers.

boxing: Professional boxing: The death of light-heavyweight fighter Beethavean (Bee) Scottland after a nationally televised bout in July 2001 renewed the call for greater safety measures for boxers.

Scotts Bluff National Monument, geologic formation and natural area in Scotts Bluff county, western Nebraska, U.S. It lies along the North Platte River, opposite the city of Scottsbluff. The 5-square-mile (13-square-km) area of the monument was established in 1919. The focus of the monument is a

Scottsboro, city, seat (1859) of Jackson county, northeastern Alabama, U.S. It is situated near the Tennessee River at the edge of the Cumberland Plateau, about 40 miles (65 km) east of Huntsville. The Cherokee and Creek living in the area were forced out in 1838, and the city was named for Robert

Susan Stroman: …and produced by Mel Brooks; The Scottsboro Boys, a musical set in 1930s rural Alabama that tells the story of a group of African American young men wrongfully accused of attacking two white women (2010); Big Fish (2013), adapted from the fantastical 2003 Tim Burton film; and Bullets over Broadway…

Scottsboro case, major U.S. civil rights controversy of the 1930s surrounding the prosecution in Scottsboro, Alabama, of nine Black youths falsely accused of raping two white women. The nine, after nearly being lynched, were brought to trial in Scottsboro in April 1931, just three weeks after their

Scottsdale, city, Maricopa county, residential-resort suburb of Phoenix, south-central Arizona, U.S. Its business district (in a Western frontier motif) is an arts and crafts centre and features Arizona-oriented fashions alongside the latest offerings from Milan and Paris. The city is traversed by

Tyrannosaurus rex: Form and function: …meters (42 feet) long—and “Scotty”—which was found in Eastend, Saskatchewan, in 1991 and whose length and weight were estimated at 13 meters (42.7 feet) long and 8,870 kg (19,555 pounds), respectively.

Death Valley: Death Valley National Park: Other attractions include Scotty’s Castle, a mansion built in the 1920s by Chicago businessman Albert Johnson and named for his prospector friend Walter Scott, a spinner of tall tales known as “Death Valley Scotty.” Artist’s Drive is an 8-mile (13-km) loop through colourful mountains and canyons. Jagged pinnacles…

Supreme Court of the United States, final court of appeal and final expositor of the Constitution of the United States. Within the framework of litigation, the Supreme Court marks the boundaries of authority between state and nation, state and state, and government and citizen. The Supreme Court

Blessed John Duns Scotus ; beatified March 20, 1993) was an influential Franciscan realist philosopher and Scholastic theologian who pioneered the classical defense of the doctrine that Mary, the mother of Jesus, was conceived without original sin (the Immaculate Conception). He also argued that

John Scotus Erigena was a theologian, translator, and commentator on several earlier authors in works centring on the integration of Greek and Neoplatonist philosophy with Christian belief. From about 845, Erigena lived at the court of the West Frankish king Charles II the Bald, near Laon (now in

Marianus Scotus was a chronicler who wrote a universal history of the world from creation to 1082 that disputed the chronology of the Paschal calendar formulated by Dionysius Exiguus, a 6th-century theologian. Marianus’ Chronicon, written in Germany, maintains that the Paschal calendar dated

George Cruikshank: …he created for the periodical The Scourge, a Monthly Expositor of Imposture and Folly. This publication lasted until 1816, during which time Cruikshank came to rival James Gillray, the leading English caricaturist of the preceding generation. For the next 10 years Cruikshank satirized with fine irreverence the political policies of…

Precambrian: Structure and occurrence of granulite-gneiss belts: …Ocean, was contiguous with the Scourian Complex of northwestern Scotland, the central part of Greenland, and the coast of Labrador; the Aldan and Ukrainian shields of continental Europe; the North China craton; large parts of the Superior province of Canada; the Yilgarn block in

horsetail, (genus Equisetum), fifteen species of rushlike conspicuously jointed perennial herbs, the only living genus of plants in the order Equisetales and the class Equisetopsida. Horsetails grow in moist, rich soils in all parts of the world except Australasia. Some species produce two kinds of

Merseyside: …a distinctive local dialect (“scouse”) also provide the region with a strong identity. Area 249 square miles (645 square km). Pop. (2001) 1,362,026; (2011) 1,381,189.

warship: Cruisers: …cruiser spectrum were small, fast “scout” cruisers used for reconnaissance and escort duties. These ships displaced from 3,000 to 7,000 tons and, by 1915, attained speeds as high as 30 knots. They were armed with guns of smaller calibre, usually six or 7.5 inches. The British built many of this…

fighter aircraft: …I they were used as scout planes for artillery spotting, but it was quickly discovered that they could be armed and do combat with one another, shoot down enemy bombers, and conduct other tactical missions. Since that time fighters have assumed various specialized combat roles. An interceptor is a fighter…

Michael Ritchie: Later work: …vehicle, while the baseball comedy The Scout (1994), which starred Albert Brooks and Brendan Fraser, was also a commercial failure. The Fantasticks (1995), an adaptation of the hugely popular Off-Broadway musical, did not find a theatrical release until 2000. After the little-seen fantasy A Simple Wish (1997), Ritchie helmed Comfort,…

naval warfare: The study of trends: Second is the scouting process, which gathers information by reconnaissance, surveillance, cryptanalysis, and other means and delivers it to the tactical commander. Third is command itself—or command and control (C2) in modern parlance—which assimilates the information, decides which actions are called for, and directs forces to act accordingly.

Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell: …and for their use Baden-Powell’s Scouting for Boys was issued in 1908. He retired from the army in 1910 to devote all his time to the Boy Scouts, and in the same year he and his sister Agnes Baden-Powell (1858–1945) founded the Girl Guides. His wife, Olave, Lady Baden-Powell (1889–1977),…

Boy Scouts, organization, originally for boys from 11 to 14 or 15 years of age, that aimed to develop in them good citizenship, chivalrous behaviour, and skill in various outdoor activities. The Boy Scout movement was founded in Great Britain in 1908 by a cavalry officer, Lieutenant General Robert

Buffalo Bill: The Wild West show of Buffalo Bill: …to star in Buntline’s drama The Scouts of the Prairie. Though his acting was far from polished, he became a superb showman, and his audiences greeted him with overwhelming enthusiasm during his 45-year career as an entertainer.

brick and tile: Firing and cooling: …earliest type of kiln, the scove, is merely a pile of dried bricks with tunnels at the bottom allowing heat from fires to pass through and upward in the pile of bricks. The walls and top are plastered with a mixture of sand, clay, and water to retain the heat;…

ghost pepper: …average of about 1 million Scoville Heat Units (SHU), compared to a jalapeño with around 8,000 SHU or a habanero with up to 350,000 SHU. It was formally recognized as the world’s hottest chili pepper in 2007, though it was later superseded by the Carolina Reaper (with up to 2.2…

ghost pepper: …average of about 1 million Scoville Heat Units (SHU), compared to a jalapeño with around 8,000 SHU or a habanero with up to 350,000 SHU. It was formally recognized as the world’s hottest chili pepper in 2007, though it was later superseded by the Carolina Reaper (with up to 2.2…

capsaicin: Created by American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville in the early 1900s, the Scoville scale is a subjective assessment that relies on the capsaicinoid sensitivity of people experienced with eating hot peppers. The ratings work on a linear scale, meaning that a 350,000-SHU habanero is 100 times hotter than a 3,500-SHU…

Tea Party movement: Origins of the Tea Party: …Doug Hoffman, forcing Republican candidate Dierdre Scozzafava from the race just days before the election. This tactic backfired, however, and the seat went to Democrat Bill Owens; Owens was the first Democrat to represent the district since the 19th century. The Tea Party fared better in Massachusetts in January 2010,…

Tea Party movement: Origins of the Tea Party: …Doug Hoffman, forcing Republican candidate Dierdre Scozzafava from the race just days before the election. This tactic backfired, however, and the seat went to Democrat Bill Owens; Owens was the first Democrat to represent the district since the 19th century. The Tea Party fared better in Massachusetts in January 2010,…

stagecraft: Dimmers: …control paved the way for silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) dimmers.

radar: First military radars: …controlling antiaircraft gunfire and the SCR-270 (at a frequency of 100 MHz) for detecting aircraft. Both of these radars were available at the start of World War II, as was the navy’s CXAM shipboard surveillance radar (at a frequency of 200 MHz). It was an SCR-270, one of six available…

radar: Advances during World War II: …MIT Radiation Laboratory was the SCR-584, a widely used gunfire-control system. It employed conical scan tracking—in which a single offset (squinted) radar beam is continuously rotated about the radar antenna’s central axis—and, with its four-degree beamwidth, it had sufficient angular accuracy to place antiaircraft guns on target without the need…

Scrabble, board-and-tile game in which two to four players compete in forming words with lettered tiles on a 225-square board; words spelled out by letters on the tiles interlock like words in a crossword puzzle. Players draw seven tiles from a pool at the start and replenish their supply after

animal social behaviour: Social interactions involving sex: Scramble competition polygyny is thought to occur when neither female-attracting resources nor females themselves are economically defendable. Scramble competition polygyny involves males competing for access to mates based on differences in their ability to move about and locate females. Finally, in lekking species, males aggregate…

Edward Whymper: …event is recorded in Whymper’s Scrambles Amongst the Alps (1871; condensed as Ascent of the Matterhorn, 1879), which is illustrated with his own engravings. The book contains Whymper’s famous words of caution:

jet engine: Ramjets and supersonic combustion ramjets: Such specialized ramjets are called scramjets (for supersonic combustion ramjets) and are projected to be fueled by a cryogenically liquified gas (e.g., hydrogen or methane) instead of a liquid hydrocarbon. The primary reason for doing so is to exploit the greater heat release per unit weight of fuels that have…

Scranton, city, seat (1878) of Lackawanna county, northeastern Pennsylvania, U.S., in the Lackawanna River valley, on the western fringes of the Pocono Mountains. It is the centre of an urbanized industrial complex that includes Carbondale and Wilkes-Barre. The area was inhabited by

United States presidential election of 1964: The campaign: …three-fifths of rank-and-file Republicans favored William Scranton, governor of Pennsylvania, for the party nomination.

Scranton, city, seat (1878) of Lackawanna county, northeastern Pennsylvania, U.S., in the Lackawanna River valley, on the western fringes of the Pocono Mountains. It is the centre of an urbanized industrial complex that includes Carbondale and Wilkes-Barre. The area was inhabited by