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Bulgaria
Table of Contents
Introduction & Quick Facts
Land
Relief
North Bulgaria
Transitional region
South Bulgaria
Coastal region
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History
The Thracians
The beginnings of modern Bulgaria
Slavic invasions
Arrival of the Bulgars
The first Bulgarian empire
The spread of Christianity
Reign of Simeon I
The second Bulgarian empire
Ottoman rule
The “Turkish yoke”
Ottoman administration
Decline of the Ottoman Empire
The national revival
Spread of education
Cultural movement against Greek influence
National revolution
Treaties of San Stefano and Berlin
The principality
Political divisions under Alexander of Battenberg
Prince Ferdinand’s rule
Bulgaria at the end of the 19th century
Foreign policy under Ferdinand
The Balkan Wars
World War I
Postwar politics and government
Programs of the Agrarian Union
Stamboliyski’s foreign policy
Communist uprising
Attempts to stabilize government
World War II
Boris’s alliance with Germany
Defending Bulgarian Jews
Bulgarian resistance to the Axis alliance
The early communist era
Consolidation of power
Reforms under the Fatherland Front
Stalinism and de-Stalinization
Late communist rule
Rise of Todor Zhivkov
End of party rule
Bulgaria’s transition
References & Edit History
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Bulgaria summary
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Bulgaria: Media
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https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/images-videos
Videos
Various vulture species of Bulgaria's hidden corners
Egyptian, griffon, and cinereous (Eurasian black) vultures feeding on a dead goat...
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz
Watch white and colored marble quarried in Bulgarian mountains and transported for fabrication
Marble quarrying and fabrication near Velingrad, Bulg.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
European bee-eaters' journey to parenthood
Learn about the European bee-eater.
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz
Courtship rituals of European bee-eaters and rollers
Learn about the courtship rituals of European bee-eaters and European rollers.
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz
Images
Bulgaria
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Physical features of Bulgaria
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria
Steppe grasslands at Point Kaliakra, Bulgaria, on the northwestern shore of the Black...
Oleg Polunin
Danube River
The Danube River basin and its drainage network.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Sofia, Bulgaria: St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Dennis Jarvis (CC-BY-2.0) (
A Britannica Publishing Partner
)
Ruse: regional history museum
Regional history museum in Ruse, Bulgaria.
Ivelin Mincov
Bulgaria
Farm in the Sredna Mountains, Bulgaria.
Art Resource, New York
Bulgaria
Farmers harvesting wheat in northeastern Bulgaria.
John Launois/Black Star
Balkan Wars
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Shipka Pass
Shipka Pass in the Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria.
Aleksandr Sergeyevich Sigachev
European Union
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Audio
National anthem of Bulgaria
The instrumental version of the national anthem of Bulgaria.
Interactives
Bulgaria: Ethnic composition
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria: Religious affiliation
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria: Urban-rural
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria: Age breakdown
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria: Major import sources
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Bulgaria: Major export destinations
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
VIEW MORE
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